Prisoners Life In Shawshank Redemption Film Studies Essay

The movie was set in 1946 and it ‘s about the immature adult male and successful banker Mr Andy duffrense punished to life sentence for falsely convicts slaying of his lover and married woman. The movie is based the novel of STEPHEN KINGS â€Å" RITA HAYWORTH AND THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION † besides explores the existent life of captives life of America in 1940. The offense and societal struggles have said in the movie with certain fortunes. The film was nominated for 7 Academy awards for best taking histrion Morgan freewoman filming Roger Deakins, redacting Richard Francis Bruce, music Thomas Newman and for screenplay Frank darabont. Eventhough Many prison play are slightly similar to this movie like Clint Eastwoods â€Å" Escape from Alcatraz † which similar prison life narrative but slightly different secret plan about a group of inmates from Alcatraz prison have escaped from ill-famed prison which no 1 ne'er escaped before this film is based on the true narrativ e of captive blunt Morris. And Frank darabonts another movie â€Å" The Green Mile † besides prison film with phantasy play which focused on adult male falsely accused for slaying the kid. But the adult male is like some power of God after in gaol the narrative surrounds across three constabulary staffs and captives. The film is besides adapted the author Stephen kings â€Å" The green stat mi † . The film said in the emotional and philosophically explores its place in category. THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION- BRIEF SYNOPSIS â€Å" Andy duffrense † ( Tim Robbins ) is a successful banker and immature household adult male. He was imprisoned in shawshank and punished life sentence for slaying of his married woman. In prison he shortly become close friend of his â€Å" Elis Boyd Red Redding ( Morgan freewoman ) † and other chap inmates. But in prison Andy abused sexually inside the prison from the group called â€Å" the sisters † in the wash section where is working and many offense struggles from warden and captain Hadley ( Clancy brown ) . Then after survived from the sisters group and he shifted to library on the replacing of Brooks. The film besides in journeys of character Brooks and Red. After Andy comes to cognize that he did n't slay his married woman from the freshly arrived cat Tommy. And in certain fortunes he escaped from prison and reveal about the corruptness in prison to higher functionaries. After warden Norton ( Bob Gunton ) knowing that he caught for corruptness and sl aying of Tommy he suicides himself. And After this issue red is released from prison by word and finds himself remainder of his life were his old friend brooks corsets before. But due to force per unit area and age he cant able to pull off in the present universe he goes to his friend Andy to happen the felicity and freedom of life. THE SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION- BRIEF REVIEW The filming was really perfect and many shootings and angles bring the film a realism.the most changeable I like is helicopter shootings a positions of prison before andy arrives prison. And largely the dark tone and a pleasant scenery were showed in the film. The music was really nice and cheerful which makes the audience into feel. Screenplay is really perfect it portrays the captive ‘s life.. The film is shows the high scope and meaningful doctrine. The histrion ‘s public presentation is really good. Particularly Morgan freeman face looks and organic structure linguistic communication shows a soft playing. There is many consistence in the film. The film portrays chiefly about the anticipating a freedom from captives those who are in life sentenced. Actually the film is based on the novel of â€Å" STEPHEN KINGS THE RITA HAYMORTH AND SHAWSHANK REDEMPTION † . The film shows the pragmatism of captives and how they have Been treated indoors. The chief character of the film Andy has besides helped other captives to last and happen the significance and hope in life. The 90 per centum of the location is largely surrounds around the prison remainder of them in metropolis and small town. There no over force and criminal conversation were used. The film is pleasant. In the film Andy express the feeling and hope by assisting others like back uping them and educating them. the manager shows each and every scene meaningful the music, cinematograpghy was really cheerful and makes the audience feel good. The histrions have done really good public presentation and show the feelings emotionally. Andy struggles from effects of his hope and managed the optimistic ways and attempts to do positive things and concern make others to experience normal. Andy help other inmates to acquire high school grades and to educate them while they were in prison. The casting was sketched and portrayed in perfect mode. Analysis OF THE MOVIE The film expresses the simpleness. The film shows many direct significance of life and human emotions.The most loveable scene to me is â€Å" there is insect in Andy nutrients he will take the and distastefully looking it laughably. â€Å" BROOKS will inquire him that insect and he will feed that into little bird name Jake † so this makes me experience good like and do to believe how the human love and emotions makes attractively portrayed in the film. Actually in the first few scenes shows how Andy convicted murder his married woman there has been conversations between justice, Lawyer and Andy. Even though the slaying scene has non shown in the film the opinion and analyzation of the offense have been show in duologues. Andy will state to attorney that he did n't slay but attorney says that he intentionally did the slaying because his married woman had an matter with another adult male Andy will prisoned in strong circumstantial grounds. The attorney explains the slaying and how intentionally the slaying was held. So while analyzing this the there is intending that one can non judge the adult male on his organic structure linguistic communication sometimes like Andy over depress and tenseness of makes a human into incorrect side of the state of affairs. The film non merely shows about the life of Prisoner besides other captives life and warden, constabulary and other difficult prison experience. Andy and ruddy become close friends shortly. With aid of his friend red. Andy will be after to get away and happen a freedom and meaningful life. First half Andy will inquire Red for stone cock. Because Andy shows himself as involvements and avocation in doing some illumination objects in stones. His friend red will offer him hammer with aid of inmate. And Andy was large fan of Rita Hayworth a actress, so one scene all inmates will seeing the film of Rita Hayworth and his friend red besides large fan of her. So Red besides offer a large posting of Rita. But after old ages ago in the 2nd half the manager makes the turn in the film that Andy digs and come offing off the cement and the wall easy about 19 old ages. with aid of stone cock but he will conceal this on the image of Rachel on the replacing of Rita Hayworth. And he program and flights from the prison. These is the chief intresting turn in the film and which makes the film really interestingly and rational. The dark tone was used in the film to demo the life degree Fahrenheit captives how they have treated in the prison for harshly. And following Mr Brooks who is librarian in Shaw shank prison from childhood have released from prison at old age and he fined the house and the occupation. But due to present universe he can non accommodate with universe he was really much vexed in life and he suicides. This scene makes me very emotional is the narrative is that â€Å" one time I saw an car one time I was kid. But now everyplace † so these narrative duologue shows that how Mr brooks life was been portrayed that he was been imprisoned at his little age that clip the cars is really seldom seen and the starting of cars period. So in present universe certain fortunes he ca n't able to get by with present universe and buzzword able to make the occupation so he have been suicide. So on analysing this film there is strong human consistence. The film is set in 1940s. The films has full of narrative with certain fortunes. On analysing the whole film one thing is strongly said eventhough a peoples like Andy convicted offense and prisoned and got life sentence the ambiance milieus in the prison was human emotions and feelings can non able to command or be proper in some certain state of affairss. The film is besides showing the extremely philosophical topic. The screenplay and filming both have moulded the movie really impressive and emotionally. Scene by scene the charecterzation of Andy and milieus of the prison and peoples makes me really experiencing in certain countries. The film besides shows the corruptness and confederacy of warden inside the prison. after being caught the warden Norton have suicide because of slaying and feeling guilty for corruptness. Norton ( Bob Gunton ) performed really unsmooth and strong warden in the film. He is duo logues and organic structure linguistic communication performed good shows the pragmatism in action. The scene which is like most is he will state to captives † Discipline and bible and in shawshank you see both welcome to shawshank † he will with smiling in face and raggedness in organic structure linguistic communication. In condemnable psychological science many psychologists mentioned that those how got life sentenced the absence of ego control and prison passiveness are enforced them to miss of sense of individuality. The manager Frank darabont has shown the two characters physical and psychological behavior imprisonment and how they get released and the chief thing in the film the friendly relationship develops easy between Andy and Red over the decennaries and precisely what happens at the flood tide. The manager had done good good study on the psychological character of Andy and Red. The chief thing to observe on Red is he is been imprisoned in shawshank for 30 old ages in between he had applied for word but due to some grounds it was been rejected. So but he did n't lose his hope still he applied at last he got the blessing of his word. Morgans freemans organic structure linguistic communication and playing was good notably when he applies for word and the clip of interview he merely performed good like descent and majestic at interview. But really the fact is largely some penalty given with word and some penalty is without word for captives it means that penalty is based on the offense and ps ychological behavior of individual and even that excessively is when the captive behavior is good and without any ailments in prison. So this besides scripted in the movie about existent facts of prison life. The duologues are really meaningful and certain countries used as an narrative. The duologue which is makes me experience is that debut to new captive from warden Norton and from the one new captive will inquire † when do we eat † captain will state to prisoner him â€Å" you eat when do we state eat † so this duologue makes me to believe how the captives life and freedom have ruined and how they find the significance and hope of the existent life in certain fortunes. The movie shows the captives life and their job psychological and physical facets. The most interesting scene in the film is Andy flights from shawshank. That is the major turn and how he program and escaped from the prison. About he takes 19 old ages to get away from the prison. so this scene used narrative that â€Å" Andy loved geology. I imagine the Peel to his punctilious nature. A million old ages constructing geology is force per unit area and clip † so this shows the existent fact that how Andy used his geological head and flights but the clip he takes really short that besides narrated in the movie that â€Å" I think adult male take 600 old ages to burrow through the wall but Andy did less than 20 † so these are some interesting and the existent facts are in this narrative by Red. While analysing this film there is many psychological state of affairs and facts of prison life has been said in the film. Many research plants of human life and prison life was shown in the film. The filming brings the dark tone in the film because the life of captives was holding many jobs and they overcome many sorrows and bad atmosphere so these are some facts brings the film emotional feel. The 85 per centum of the film was taken in bluish coloring material filter and remainder of 15 per centum used brown filters that shows the emotions of parturiency and desperation in the prison are now colour of felicity and freedom. Frank darabont is directed the film does the outstanding occupation. The film was to the full similar classical film. Each and every shooting was sketched in dramatic genre. The film seems miss-en-scene was used in the movie to portrays the conflicting subjects. Darabont besides shows the some existent fact and corruptness inside the prison for illustration capta in Hadley crushing the captives and murdering of Tommy in the Shaw shank prison you come to cognize about the cess pool of corruptness in the film. Darabont shows the film subject of justness for illustration Andys deserves for justnesss battle and acquire the truth. The journey of each character was explores in the conflicting manner and drastic state of affairss. The another interesting scene in the film is after warden caught for corruptness he suicide and there is one quotation mark from bible that â€Å" his opinion cometh and that right shortly † so this scene shows manager had approached the positive standards and justness fortunes. The film has many justness facts and dramatically impacts. Movie had attacks significance of justness and freedom of life. so the film had many indication and intensions of life.. But while seeing the captives life in the film. The individual who convicts or any unexpended offense have been prisoned for piece or life sentence his entire psychological facets become pathetic. His outlook and organic structure linguistic communication will wholly alter. In the Andy inmates and slay his married woman but it is non pre planned slaying due to certain fortunes and psychological perturbation have been put Andy to slay because certain human emotions can non be controlled. so in tribunal even though there Andy s ays he did n't slay his married woman. His organic structure linguistic communication and the manner of looks and his behavior will do the opinion put him into life sentence. The penalty of slaying is strong and there is difference between pre planned slaying and deliberate slaying. So Andy got life sentence for deliberate slaying. So the justness is approached in the film positively. Darabont had shown message for freedom and justness in the film. So the indications and intensions of the film shows how efficaciously It targeted audience in dramatic manner. On deep analyze we should besides believe that whether the captives will handle harshly and many corruptnesss like whipping and slaying inside the prison and slaying against the jurisprudence. If we think life this manner we should believe that this is merely a film adapted from the novel and merely a fictious non pragmatism. The film explores many offense struggles and issues the first scene that Andy dufferense convicts the slaying and other in prison Andy was been sexually and violently disturbed by other fellow inmates. And slaying of Tommy in prison so these are some offenses issue make the movie realistic feel. Psychological ANALYSIS OF CHARECTERIZATION The psychological jobs are sometime make captives to suicide or in any incorrect state of affairs because the offense they convicts or the milieus and atmosphere. But largely the individual who is inmates offense sometimes are punished on their psychological state of affairss and the word picture and behavior on analysing these penalty was been given on the wrongdoers if the individual calculated convicts the slaying has get terrible penalty when instead comparing to pre planned slaying. If we look the Word picture of the Andy falsely convicted offense he is good cat may be much concern to other inmates in prison this is based on their outlook and environmental facets its because the milieus and may be we can besides state this is really behviourness of the individual but it is merely a movie merely a hero who is making positive things for others. Most evidently the penalties given based on the wrongdoer ‘s activity and psychological behavior and opinion of truth behind the off ense. Robert Morgan a psychologist have said that concern to other inmates in prison will be safety and get bying in prison life for captives. But in existent in my opnion I guess there is no individual like Andy, any cat is who concern to other inmates in prison is. We can besides state that Andy ‘s character is slightly 70 percent existent and 30 individual cinematic. But this is merely dilemma reply because. There is narrative in the movie is fifty comes like â€Å" Andy is much loved geology utilizing this force per unit area and clip he do tunnel through the wall and escaped † we may believe it is merely a film, But in existent it has been proved that cat named Frank Morris is imprisoned in Alcatraz ( 1960 ) for convicted offenses like armed robbery and narcotics have been escaped from prison anyone ne'er did it before. He merely planned and makes a dummies adult male like him escaped from the prison after two old ages of imprisonment. This issue have been taken as movie called â€Å" Escape from Alcatraz † . So like this many adventuresome flights like this or based upon their age and their capacit y. Some adventuresome plants like this may said as â€Å" Adrenalin haste † . This is because in the milieus and ambiance of the prison may alter individual ‘s psychological behavior and physical organic structure linguistic communication because the individual who is independent outside the prison has overcomes many sorrows and many felicity and freedom is different when comparing to the individual who is jailed. His everyday activites is non in his custodies like feeding, working and largely spent the clip in the room so this may set a individual into threading emphasis and mental perturbation so work outing these jobs the prison includes working activities, gamed, film theaters and libraries and schools. But sometimes false opinion can be doing the good individual into captives based on the environment. So in that status the individual can impact psychologically. And another point is if even though the individual had justly convicted offense and sometimes wrongly mis judgement make him right individual and non convicts the offense it is been really pathetic sometimes. For illustration I like to state about the movie â€Å" â€Å" The life of David gale † casting by Kevin spacey a professor from university of Texas have been capital penalty for convicted slaying of colza and slaying. For his artlessness newsman Bitsey Bloom ( kate Winslet ) will concern a justnesss and truth and aid David to let go of from the penalty and happen the truth behind the slaying but the clip ne'er leaves him David put to decease on capital penalty but the last stoping turn that David is the truly guilty and he slay his co-worker and militant. So the movie explores the subject about false Judgement makes sometimes pathetic and affects adult male life into drastic state of affairs. So the false opinion ruins Andy life and put him on gaol. Eventhough Andy falsely accused for slaying his married woman he thinks that he slay his married woman when he was drunken but after cognizing the truth has been revealed from Tommy that Andy did n't slay his married woman he claim to warden but due to state of affairs Andy was badly beaten up Captain Hadley and staffs and put him in dark cell. But after get awaying from prison Andy revealed illegal and corruptness to the constabulary and other main functionaries. So this character of Andy dufferense explores that his intelligence and optimistic individual. On analysing this film while Andy claims that he did n't slay his married woman his organic structure linguistic communication shows his character shows he is guiltless. And after assisting other inmates shows his character that he is Optimistic. On flight from prison and reveals the illegal and corruptness in the Shaw shank shows Andy as a intelligent. So these are the types of characters about Andy was sketched by darabont in th e film. So eventually analysing the psychological word picture in the movie the characters explores the good and realistic public presentation good. Decision The movie Shawshank salvation was focused on chief subject of the word salvation. the film was set as a classical play which is really impressive and emotional. The film is about the prison and captives life. On analysing the film and characters and contexts It is truly good worth full film and another thing is the film still have good sentiment and good evaluation among people. The film is realistic play and life about the captive hope for freedom of life and felicity. Contains many philosophical and psychological facets of prison life. The film is truly the worth ticker and good.

Global Nursing Shortage and Impact on Health Care Environment

In recent years international health care organizations are more and more recognizing the impact of nursing shortages in every aspect of health care delivery. Many health care delivery systems are increasingly recognizing the threat recurrent shortages of registered nurses impose on the health care system (Krall & Prus, 1995). This trend has become increasingly apparent from about the mid 1980s through the present, with concerns over nursing shortages leading many health care specialists to explore â€Å"the dynamics of the nursing labor market using neoclassical labor market analysis† (Krall & Prus, 67). Using this approach many suggest that chronic nursing shortages in the global market result from depressed wages and excess demand, and that hospitals tend to command â€Å"monopsonistic power† when it comes to nursing management (Krall & Prus, 1995). Under this line of thinking hospitals have traditionally resulted to substituting less skilled nursing personnel in place of RN's when the need arises to cope with nursing shortages, potentially decreasing the quality of care afforded patients and customers of the hospitals. One thing is certain; the future of the modern global health care organization is uncertain in light of chronic labor shortages among qualified nursing staff (Epstein, 1999). Many health care organizations are seeking alternative methods to provide patients with the quality care they need despite nursing shortages. Many are resorting to more emphasis on preventive care while others are branching out into the community in an attempt to identify community resources that may promote more support for patients in the health care environment (Epstein, 1999). Heirich (1998) notes that it is vital that health care organizations rethink the health care delivery system in order to provide the innovation necessary to accommodate the rapidly changing world economy and global health care environment. Old formulas for funding health care no longer work; health care costs continue to rise. Many organizations are focusing on cost control, which may include budget shortfalls when it comes to compensating nursing staff. More and more however health care organizations are also realizing the need to focus on adequate compensation and attention to nurses and nursing shortages. New business and health coalitions are forming in major metropolitan areas to help control costs and also attract more qualified personnel, stimulating physicians and nurses as well as other providers to work together to improve service delivery in light of new health care challenges (Heirich, 1998). Future of Workforce Design and Organization As health care organizations are changing in response to chronic nursing shortages so too are organizations re-evaluating workforce designs and organizational development within the health care setting. More and more the emphasis within the health care community and organization has been creating more flat organizational structures and global enterprises that encourage cross collaboration or multi-disciplinary approaches to health care delivery (Heirich, 1998). Chronic labor shortages of nurses in the global workplace have encouraged healthcare organizations to adopt new strategies for attracting qualified personnel. In Britain for example, long standing labor shortages among nurses has resulted in dire efforts to recruit migrant nurses from other countries (McGann & Mortimer, 2004). Other organization's including the Illinois State Association are considering recognizing various grades of nurses, including nurses with twelve months vs. urses with twenty seven or more months of training, in an effort to provide more and lower cost nursing care for patients (McGann & Mortimer, 2004). Nursing workforce design is increasingly taking on an interdisciplinary and collaborative approach, with more nurses and health care staff trained in a diverse array of services (Clark & Drinka, 2000). More health care systems are developing teams that consist of a nurse, doctor, nurse practitioner, social worker and other community members that provide a mix of services to patients (Clark & Drinka, 2000). Such efforts may help relieve some of the burden associated with nursing shortages while still ensuring that patients are cared for and offered the highest quality services possible in the health care setting. Health care organizations are also working to involve nursing staff more in decision making processes in an attempt to increase job satisfaction and promote reduced turn over and greater loyalty among qualified staff, as many nursing shortages have been attributed to overworked nurses and lack of job satisfaction (Clark & Drinka, 2000). More and more workforces are designing systems that allow nurse practitioners to provide feedback and work in an environment that is more supportive even in light of chronic over scheduling or nursing shortages. Impact Nursing Shortage on Education and Training Educational facilities are increasingly realizing the need to cross train staff to work in a variety of settings to cope with nursing shortages. Additionally more and more educational institutions are promoting team building skills training to promote greater collaboration among nurses and among other health care professionals. The chronic global nursing shortage has affected the future of nursing education, encouraging more training program development with emphasis on training nurses in other skill areas including stress management to cope with increasing burdens associated with under staffing and increasing job demands (McGann & Mortimer, 2004). Mosley (1998) suggests that the health care delivery and training model is shifting to move from more individual patient care to care in an integrated environment or system that affords a continuum of services . In this environment accountability for the health and well being of patients moves from a single nurse or care provider to multiple members of the health care team. This wellness model is increasingly promoted in educational facilities where potential health care providers and nurse trainees are taught to include community organizations, family, physicians and individuals as part of the health care team working to promote the health and well being of patients. The new model for educating nurses includes more diversity training so nurses are capable of working with diverse patients from diverse backgrounds (Clark & Drinka, 2000). It also includes an interdisciplinary approach to training that cross-trains nurses and other health care staff members to work in various settings and under dynamic conditions. Despite these efforts chronic shortages still exist with regard to attracting and retaining competent staff. Many educational facilities are realizing decreased enrollment in nursing programs, in part because many perceive the field of nursing to be one that is over taxing (Clark & Drinka, 2000). Educators will have to work diligently at highlighting programs that provide potential nursing students with the skills necessary to face the new challenges associated with working in a global nursing environment.

P1 web architecture and components ver2

Web architecture: Web architecture is a way of designing and planning of websites that include different areas like WWW, ISP etc. Such web architectures are discussed below. Internet Service provider: Internet Service Provider (ISP) is the organizations which provide internet services to the people and other organizations. ISP provides different software packages which includes surname, password, and access to the phones and sometimes to the TV channels. For this service their customer pays certain amount to their package.There are different organizations which provide internet service and have different features like different speed of connection to the internet. The speed of the internet connection affects the performance of the websites such as the download speed of a video clip. Web Hosting Service: Web hosting service is an internet hosting service which allows the individual and larger organizations to host their website. The website can be accessed and viewed using World Wide Web.The client pays a certain amount of money monthly to their web hosting service and these hosts provide storage capacity and different management facilities and technical support and service. These host company charges the organization or the individual by looking the static of how many users use the website per month and other various features on the web. Domain Structure: Domain name is the address of the website in the World Wide Web called IP address. This can be accessed through the internet. Such addresses are difficult to remember and might not have meaning with regards to the web page.So the owner of the website has to purchase a domain name to link to the IP address so that their website can be accessed to the internet. The domain names are kept easier so that the user can understand and remember it. A easier example of a domain name is www. Google. Com† which also owns other domain name â€Å"www. Google. Co. UK†. â€Å"WWW is the prefix and â€Å". Comâ €  is the suffix whereas the character between them is the domain name. Domain Name Registrars: Domain Name registrars are the organizations that have authority to the domain names.They provide the domain name and manage the reservation of the internet domain names. The domain name registrars on the I-J are Goddard. Com and 123-erg. Co. UK. When they offer the domain name to the weapon owner, they also claim some amount of money. The registrars have a package of certain amount of certain amount of time. Thus, the longer the mount of the time, the higher the amount of money the weapon owner has to pay to their registrars. World Wide Web: World Wide Web (WWW) is a way of accessing the information stored on the internet.It uses different types of computer languages like http to transmit information. WWW contains text, images, videos, audio and many other multimedia which can be viewed by using browser. Hardware: We can use different types of hardware which help provide internet serv ice. Such hardware includes web server, mail server, proxy server, routers etc. Web Server: Web servers stores web pages and delivers those web pages to the user by using be language http to the web browser. Web server can both be hardware and software. Any individual can turn their computer to the web server by installing the server software.Each server has limited capacity so the website which is hugely us all over the world has multiple web servers. Mail Server: Mail server is a computer server which consists of storage area where email for local users is stored. This server sends and receives emails. This type of server only controls the email traffic on the internet. Proxy Server: Proxy server is a server which shares the internet connection and other services. It is like a web browser which is in between the user and the web server. It can sometimes improve the performance for the users and filters the requests by the user.It is mostly used on the business organizations and co lleges. It is to prevent the students and the staffs' access from specific web sites during the official hour. Router: A router is a device that is connected to two or more networks. Router forwards the data packets along to the different networks. Once the packet is sent from the computer to the router it forwards to the different router till the packet is received by the final device. Router maintains the movement of the packet in the internet while transferring the packet between the user and the server.Software: There are various types of software which links the computer to the internet and other networks. Browser is one of them which locates and displays the content on the World Wide Web. There are various kinds of browser such as Google chrome, Safari, Firebox, Internet Explorer used to surf the internet and web pages. These are the famous and leading browser in the world. Some browsers are preinstall on the new computers while the other browsers can be downloaded from the in ternet on ere of cost. Email is the other software which is used to receive and send the emails from the email server.The user has their own activated account through which they can send various messages like text, video and pictures. Protocols: Transport and addressing egg TCP/IP Application layer HTTP, HTTPS, ESMTP Web Functionality Web 2. 0: Web 2. 0 is the second generation of the www. It is focused on the ability for people to collaborate and share information online. It keeps static web pages that don't change. It has richer content/broadband. Went 2. 0 refers to the transition from tactic HTML web pages to more dynamic web that is more organized and is based on serving web application to the users.Dynamic website contains web pages that are generated dynamically. Each time the user access to the web page, the HTML is generated in real time and is sent to the user's browser. For example: Amazon is a dynamic website. When the user gets access to it, the page displays the types of products which might make interest the user by analyzing the users' purchase history. The site generates the weapon differently to the different users. Blobs: Blob is a personal web page on which the user records and posts their thoughts and pinions, their research and hypothesis principal etc. N a regular basis. The other users can reply to their comments. The blobs are used to share information on the internet. Nowadays the user can use more features and function as compared to the start days of the blob. The blobs are kept up to date so that the information shared is accurate and reliable. Online Application: Online application has changed in recent years. Microsoft office used for home and office purpose now is being used as an online version of word office 365. People can access to the online version and use the word.It is cheaper than to buy the whole software package and easy to access via internet. When there is no internet connection the online version cannot be used. Ad ditionally, online versions don't have many features than the Microsoft Home office. Other examples include games hosting online accessing via internet (online games) and emails. Cloud Computing: Cloud computing is an internet based computing in which different service like servers and storage and application are transferred to an organizations' computer system via internet. It has an ability to run an application on many connected at the same time.

Samples, Power Analysis, and Design Sensitivity Statistics Project

Samples, Power Analysis, and Design Sensitivity - Statistics Project Example A research that lacks either form of validity communicates possible deviations from actual properties of the research subjects and can therefore not be relied upon. Both external and internal validities are also susceptible to threats that must be monitored for a desired level of accuracy. The two forms of validities are therefore important in developing confidence in drawn conclusions and made inferences from a research initiative. They are however different in their specific scopes of applicability, and their threats. Internal validity for instance defines a research process’ independence from confounds that may influence observations contrary to the treatment’s causal effects while external validity defines the degree of confidence in inferring research results to a population. Another difference between internal and external validity is their sets of threats. Threats to internal validity such as â€Å"maturation,† â€Å"selection,† â€Å"instrumentati on,† â€Å"statistical regression,† and â€Å"attrition† induces bias on the causal effect relationship to impair accuracy of observation on treatment effect. Threats to external validity however include â€Å"reactive effects of testing,† â€Å"interactive effect of selection,† â€Å"reactive effect of innovation† and â€Å"multiple program interface† and induces barriers between properties of the used sample and other population segments (Fink, 2004, 78, 79). Research questions to which external validity is of primary concern are those questions that seek to establish relationships that are generally applicable to an entire population. Example is a research question to establish the relationship between gender and students performance in sciences that is psychologically hypothesized to be uniform across populations. Internal validity, however, is primary to research questions that seek to establish existence of a relationship between two

The Use of Musical Culture as Socio-technical Culture Essay

The Use of Musical Culture as Socio-technical Culture - Essay Example Music is something that has completely changed the way people think. It has led to revolutions, understanding and harmony among different groups of people with time and evolution. In comparison with music from the earlier times, today’s music is quite different but is nothing but an amalgamation of the thoughts and ideas that were put into compositions in the yesteryears. Of course with time, a number of changes have also been brought about, not only within the different styles of music, but also in the objects used to play music, make music as well as in the creation of devices by which music can stay with us on the move. In this paper, answers have been attempted at how various mediums of music have with time led to a wider share in different kinds of people, as well as the use and implication of mp3 players in people’s lives in the modern world. James Curtis writes that different mediums of recorded music have led to the creation of different types of implied listene rs, in his research note titled Toward a Sociotechnological Interpretation of Popular Music in the Electronic Age.

Techniques in Enhancing the Effectiveness of Meetings Term Paper

Techniques in Enhancing the Effectiveness of Meetings - Term Paper Example These signs indicate that companies must reform their strategies in dealing with important matters through meeting. This paper aims to discuss the techniques that companies must employ in improving the effectiveness of meetings. Techniques to Improve Meetings Use Meetings to Fit the Purpose Henkel asserts that the purpose of the meeting defines what types of the meeting to be used, managed, or developed. Meetings could have different purposes such as reporting, presentation, problem-solving, and decision-making. The decision whether to use nominal groups, brainstorming, or technology depends on the leader after the identification of the purpose. Nominal group is intended for encouraging the involvement of participants in the meeting. Each participant writes suggestions, idea, and opinion on the subject of discussion. Then, the ideas are discussed within the group. Moreover, comments are also shared to determine other points. However, the limitation of this structured meeting is only applicable when the topic is a general idea, which every person can relate or contribute valuable information (Henkel 33). Brainstorming is another type of meeting wherein people convene to gather suggestions and comments in facilitating discussion. Brainstorming is necessary when dealing with a complex situation or issue that needs analytical, creative, and practical ideas. This type of meeting also encourages individuals to speak up and defend their ideas (Henkel 34). Technology aids companies in communicating information and concerns with employees. Email ensures that participants have the time to think and analyze the question before answering. This provides convenience for companies with a huge number of employees because email can send message one at a time. Aside from email, companies use online group message and instant messaging in conducting a meeting so that members can share their thoughts, opinions, and suggestions. Moreover, virtual meeting serves as an option for lead ers who prefer the flexibility. They can reach various people in different locations and motivate cooperation among members (Henkel 35-39). Setting of Goals and Objectives/Agenda During the pre-preparation of meeting, leaders have acknowledged the importance of setting agenda to direct the flow of the meeting. This is essential in ensuring the effectiveness of the meeting because it lists action points that must be covered. Based on Shessel, clear goals and objectives are the reasons for achieving success in meetings. Meetings take time, so developing agenda avoids too much spending on similar subject with no sense of direction. Furthermore, the goals and objectives serve as marking points to determine the efficacy and efficiency of meetings (Streibel 16). Indicate People, Time, and Place It is notable that meeting incorporates the exchanges of ideas, feedback, or suggestion; hence, it needs knowledgeable and appropriate people who can give insights and opinions. Meeting does not me an that leaders will just call for participants who are available, but its techniques also evolve in choosing the right workforce. Henkel affirms that people have a â€Å"direct impact on what happens and how much is accomplished† (45). Thus, if the leader secures the attendance of inappropriate people, the

Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Research Paper Example Unfortunately for all of the wonderful personal and societal freedoms that are protected, by the 1st Amendment, its protection also allows some questionable speeches, attitudes, and actions that may be less than deserving of that protection to continue. Some people today feel that certain forms of â€Å"freedom of speech† should be regulated, while others believe that it will only result in censorship and creep into areas where it should not be. However, the protection of freedom of speech is allowing things like bullying and hate crimes to continually slip through the cracks. For this reason it seems only ethical to reform the 1st Amendment to tackle these issues and continue to allow the spirit of freedom of speech to be maintained while making it harder and less legal to cause harm to others under the guise of freedom of speech. HISTORY The 1st Amendment reads â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof ; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances† (Michigan States University , 2013). ... When such cases where freedom of speech has been put into question the court must review the situation from a specific perspectives."Content neutrality" refers to the reality that the court cannot be involved in the government limiting the artistic expression of any American, even if that expression may be found objectionable by some viewers or listeners (America Civil Liberties Union, 2006). However, it should be made clear that the 1st Amendment refers to the government and political involvement in an issue’ this does not cover any and all applications of freedom of speech. For example no one is â€Å"consequence free† when they decide that their need for expression influences them to shout â€Å"fire!† in a crowded building when there is not one. Or for things one says at their job. The first Amendment cannot always be used as a means to protect ones employment and to gain a free pass for telling off their boss, arguing with employees, or bad-mouthing the comp any that they work for. The 1st Amendment does not cover private businesses only prevents the government from interfering (Freedman, 2012), DISCUSSION Our founding fathers did not intend that the Amendment would be used by those with ulterior motives to spreads propaganda, hate, and agendas filled with cruel words. They certainly did not think that people should be able to say whatever they feel like saying without any repercussions, after all the founding fathers believed that if another said false words against you could be taken to court and accuse them of slander. It is these instances that many Americans are beginning to believe require government intervention and regulation. While others admit

Wildlife and Landscape Survey Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words - 1

Wildlife and Landscape Survey - Essay Example This plan has been made keeping in view the Moorlands of UK) Background Efficiently managing Moorland through limited burning and grazing can create a variety of natural habitats crucial for nature conservation. It also provides perfect nesting and feeding for a range of native birds. All of this comes along with the availability of perfect grazing grounds for farm animals and domestic livestock. Introduction Well maintained moorlands can serve multiple purposes. Many economic and environmental benefits can be drawn out of them. They can serve as water catchments, an important element in the prevention of floods and as recreational sites. Monitoring Moorlands will need commitment from the farmers that own those lands. It would be better to get them to sign a contract as this will help us in managing the moors according to our objectives and return they will get nicely maintained moorland that can serve for their grazing animals. Plan of Action Cutting and Burning A technique called r otational burning will be used wherever the cutting method won’t be helpful. A tactic to use when choosing which method to apply to the land is; low dwarf heath shrub cover will not be used for rotational burning. This includes the area intense in bracken. Heath (Dry) The areas including dry heath vegetation will be rotationally burnt in proportion to the area they cover measured in number of hectares. An estimate basis, an area of 30 hectares will be rotationally burnt for a period of 20 years. This ratio actually depends on the nature of the contract with the owner of the land. For areas that are home for birds of prey or have rare vegetation will need a different plan of action, especially regarding the rotatory burning. Generally such circumstances call for prolonged burning rotation but a final decision will be made after examining those rare plants and animals. Blanket Bog This is the layer of vegetation that covers the peat deeper than normal vegetation layer. When bur ning this portion, special attention and care is required as carelessness can damage the useful peat. Moreover, we need the peat to maintain surface vegetation for proper plant growth. It makes sense in understanding that in many areas blanket bog itself is not burnt at all as there is no need to do so or in some cases for conserving nature or for the management of a wider portion of land. While in some areas, where heather still covers the peat it is still desirable to burn the area for conservation purposes. In short wherever burning is necessary, it must be made sure that no part of sensitive vegetation is destroyed or a delicate piece of land is damaged. Heath (Wet) Just like the dry heath, care must be taken while burning the area covered by wet heath, to make sure that this process may not damage any sensitive vegetation or delicate cover on the land or the peat itself. Generally a rotational burning period of 20 years is feasible with a maximum area of 30 hectares with annual burning of 30 hectares in a year on average. This arrangement can be varied depending on the specific needs of the land. Burning Precautions Generally there are some precautions that need to be taken when burning land for Moorland management. 1. Burning process can only be carried out in areas of land where the heather cover is 50% or more and heather itself is 30cm/Ft. or more height wise. And all of this must be consistent with the burning process agreed upon in the contract. (To measure the Heather height, place the measuring stick down into the plant and not stretching out the plant. The height of heather will vary depending upon altitude and the growth speed of moors. 2. It will be decided beforehand that what amount (proportion) of land will be burnt in the course of

Business Law Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Business Law - Research Paper Example This is filed at the relevant registry and then served upon the defendant(s). Once the defendant is served personally, he is supposed to sign the summons and file a reply to the summons within a stipulated time. If he opts not to reply, he shall be deemed to have received the summons within a time stipulated by the relevant law. 2. When an Attorney will represent a Client on Contingency Basis When Filing a Suit for Tort A contingency fee refers to where the lawyer is paid if and only if the plaintiff wins or there is a settlement. The reason why clients opt for this method is that they fear the risk of loss. They also want the lawyers to finance them. Others are desperate and have no money to finance the suit. Lawyers on their side accept contingency fee because it is the practice of the particular law firm while others work on a fee per hour basis. Disadvantage is that it compromises the choice of a lawyer. 3. Contract for a sale of interest in land I †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â ‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.of identity number†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. (Herein called ‘the seller’) have on this 8th day of March 2013 agreed to sell plot no.Eld 1234/10 of 20 hectares to †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. Of identity number†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦. ... He receives a 10% commission on every plot he sells above the principal’s price. 2) They get their contracts through written agreements with the principals who are his clients. The statutes of frauds do however not cover the contracts 3) Lenny became an agent through practice where he used to bargain on behalf of those selling pieces of land and paid for the same. And testament as Sample Partnership Agreement THIS PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT is made this 8th day of March 2013 by And between BOB JONES, BILL DUNN and MAC SMITH. Section 1: Explanatory Statement The parties hereto desire to enter into the business of purchasing, acquiring operating, leasing, owning and selling lawn mowers, including but not limited to that certain parcel of land, and all improvements constructed thereon, described as BOX NO.134,NEWYORK and engaging in any other lawful phase or aspect of lawn service. In order to accomplish their previously mentioned desires, the parties hereto desire to join in a genera l partnership under and pursuant to the Uniform Partnership Act, amended from time to time (the "Act") NOW THEREFORE, in consideration of their mutual promises, covenants, and agreements, and the Explanatory Statement, which Explanatory Statement is incorporated by reference herein and having made a substantive part of this Partnership Agreement, the parties hereto do hereby promise, covenant and agree as follows: Section 2: Principal Place of Business The principal office and place of business of the Partnership (the "Office") shall be located at Angell Road. Section 3: Business and Purpose 3.1.The business and purposes of the Partnership are to manage, and operate, lawn service business (the "Lawns"),

Business and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Business and Management - Essay Example Recently UK government tried to privatise the royal mail partially. According to Lord Peter Mandelson, the business secretary of the country, it is required to have a strategic partner for bringing a gale-force fresh air in the culture and management of the organisation (Tyler, February 3 2009). The main objective of privatising the organisation is to modernise it and improve its financial condition. UK government found that there is significant declination in royal mail’s popularity and demand as there is other advanced mode of communication like email has emerged. According to some analysts there is almost 7 billion euro pension deficit in Royal mail. UK government provide various attractive benefits to royal mail so it stays ahead in the competition. But according to experts the decision of making it modernise and atomise it by bringing a private sector company as the strategic partner might result to 40,000 to 50,000 job cut. As a consequence Communication Workers Union (C WU) asked the workers to go for a strike till the decision is reconsidered. The union claimed that over 12,000 postal employees would go for strike in different cities like London, Edinburgh, Plymouth and Bristol (Hope, July 15 2009). In UK postal industry this is worker’s strike is a historical problem which is actually badly affecting the future of UK postal industry. Proper understanding and implementation of strategic human resource management would be the ultimate solution for this type of situation. Strategic human resource management is such a complex process that is continuously evolving and being discussed and studied by academic experts. There is no proper definition of Strategic human resource management as different people have different opinion regarding the topic. According to Wright and McMahan SHRM is â€Å"The pattern of planned human resource deployments and activities intended to enable the forms

To be Determined Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

To be Determined - Essay Example Collier wastes little time stating that she felt wronged by Mr. Ducks poem and suggests that it is perhaps men who are to blame for any perceived faults women may display. She describes a time when women were honored by men simply because they were women. During this Golden Age, women were revered as objects of desire and revered as givers of life. She speaks of a day and age when men labored and toiled so women could devote themselves to pursuits more in keeping with their sex. She suggests that is the men that are at fault for ending the Golden Age, not women. Having established that perhaps mankind as a whole is at fault for their current attitudes toward women, Collier next seeks to establish the fact that women perform many of the same chores on the farm as men. She describes cheerfully threshing hay and working in the fields alongside the men. By establishing womens participation in traditional labor performed by men, Collier is preparing to establish her theme of inequality by going into detail concerning the labors expected of women that occur after the men are asleep or at leisure. Women have countless chores around the household. When the men were in the field, women could stay home to do work such as caring for children, gardening, tending to domestic animals and preparing food for the family. But when women were called into service in the fields, they needed to help there in addition to all of these other duties. This results in a workday for women that begins very early and ends very late. Collier describes this inequality by s peaking of waking as the stars are still shining and the men folk are still in bed slumbering and dreaming. (141-146) Though written over two hundred and fifty years ago, Collier could have well been writing about the trials of modern women in the workplace. While men share more in domestic chores than they

Current Issues in United States History Essay Example for Free

Current Issues in United States History Essay The article, Mentoring Experiences of Women in Graduate Education: Factors that Matter, focuses on women’s relational approaches which are affected by their gender socialization. The said article studies the various subjective experiences a woman encounters when teaching, counseling and mentoring. It also explores the different aspects that contribute to these experiences exclusive to women in graduate school, the costs and benefits of these relationships for women, and the women’s role models in the familial and professional areas. The article takes on a feminist approach as it differentiates the traditional male to male mentoring relationships from that of the women’s. It asserts that in the male to male relationships, there is an acceptance of patriarchal and hierarchal organization. On the contrary, the women employ a more relational approach, which gives value to the emotional factor involved in the female relationships. But presently, the prevailing standard employed by mentoring environments is that of a traditional patriarchal environment. It can therefore be said that women in mentoring fields are currently in struggle with the prevailing norms. The article undertook a study which aimed to investigate factors that affect women’s mentoring gender socialization. The study yielded seven key topics which suggest that female undergraduate students and their faculty members share same views about their respective mentoring experiences as well as views in the mentoring field. They all commonly voiced their desire for an empowering relationship. This, according to the surveyed collegiate students and teachers, is illustrated by the kind assistance, â€Å"CURRENT ISSUES IN UNITED STATES HISTORY† PAGE #2 inspiration, faith, pride, cooperative hand, and personal growth they gain from these student-teacher relationships. Also, the study explores the sense of obligation that both sides feel for each other, the overall mentor’s investment in the student-teacher relationship (personal/emotional, professional development, time/availability, and financial investment), the factors that affect the growth of their relationship towards each other, and their capacity to balance of their own personal and professional life, experiences in the male mentoring domain, and peer mentoring. The study’s results depict the multi-dimensionality of the women mentors’ needs in order to be successful in their personal and professional mentoring careers. The study also showed that these needs did not alter when compared with the past researches on the same subject. Also, this study suggests that women, in general, have corresponding views (and at the same time) distinct desires to their mentoring relationships in contrast to the more traditional, patriarchal setting typified by the male to male mentoring conditions. Generally speaking, the study only focused on the mentoring experiences’ good points. Unfortunately, it did not include the hardships that women encounter with regards to their being women. It did not tackle the prejudice that women are subjected to in the patriarchal education system. If only the study explored that particular downside, the study would be so much useful and practical. But all in all, the study would indeed be important for reflection on our current educational system with regards to the women in a male dominated field. REFERENCE Rayle A. D. , Bordes V. , Zapata A. , Arrendondo P. , Rutter M. , Howard C. (2006, May). Mentoring Experiences of Women in Graduate Education: Factors that Matter. Current Issues in Education [On-line], 9(6). http://cie. ed. asu. edu/volume9/number6/

Database Design And Development For Petcare Veterinary Computer Science Essay

Database Design And Development For Petcare Veterinary Computer Science Essay Draw an Entity Relationship Data Model that describes the content and structure of data held by PetCare. Specify the cardinality ratio and participation constraint of each relationship type. Database Development Process The process is divided into four main stages: requirements elicitation, conceptual modeling, logical modeling and physical modelling. The techniques used in the development process naturally divide into three categories: those concerned modelling, those concerned with logical modelling and those concerned with physical modelling. Figure 1 the database development process Requirements Elicitation Requirements elicitation involves establishing the key technical requirements for a database system usually through formal and informal interaction between developers and organizational stakeholders such as users. It provides the structure of data needed and the use of the data in some information system context. Stakeholder identification and participation One of the first things that must be done in any information systems project is to identify the relevant stakeholders. A stakeholders group is any social group within and without the organization that potentially may influence the successful use and impact of the database system. Veterinary doctor Use the database to for managing treatment information of pet Staff keep track of animal and appointment Regulators National and regional government may need to audit the database Requirements Elicitation and requirements specification Requirements elicitation is the precursor to requirements specification. In terms of a system to manage Petcare, the following is a list of proposed requirements for system: The database should be capable of supporting the following transaction: Create and maintain records recording the details of Petcare Pets clinics and the members of staff at each clinic. Create and maintain records recording the details of pet owners. Create and maintain the details of pets. Create and maintain records recording the details of the types of treatments for pets. Create and maintain records recording the details of examinations and treatments given to pets. Create and maintain records recording the details of invoices to pet owners for treatment to their pets. Create and maintain pet owner/pet appointments at each clinic. Data requirements PetCare veterinary surgery Petcare has six medium sized veterinary surgery clinics across London. The details of each clinic include address of branch, telephone number, opening hours and emergency contact telephone number. Assuming that each clinic has a number of staff for example vets, nurses, secretaries and cleaners. Staff The details stored on each member of staff include the staff name, address, home telephone number and mobile telephone number. Pet owners When a pet owner first contacts a clinic of Petcare the details of the pet owner are recorded, which include name, address, home telephone number and mobile telephone number. Pets The details of the pet requiring treatment are noted, which include a put number, type of pet, age and sex. Examinations When a sick pet is brought to a clinic, the vet on duty examines the pet. The details of each examination are recorded and include an examination number, the date and time of the examination, the name of the vet, the pet number, pet name, and type of pet, and a full description of the outcome of the examination results. Petcare provides various treatments for all types of pets. The details of each treatment include a treatment number, full description of the treatment, and the cost to the pet owner. Based on the result of the examination of a sick pet, the vet may propose one or more types of treatment. For each types of treatment, the information recorded includes the examination number and date. Invoices The pet owner is responsible for the cost of the treatment given to a pet. The owner is invoiced for the treatment arising from each examination, and the details recorded on the invoice include the invoice number, invoice date, owner number, owner name and full address, put number, put name, and details of the treatment given. The invoice provides the cost for each type of treatment and total cost of all treatments given to the pet. Additional data is also recorded on the payment for example cash, credit card or check. Appointments If the pet requires to be seen by the vet at later date, the owner and pet are given an appointment. The details of an appointment are recorded and include an appointment number, owner name, date and time. Using the logical database design methodology Entity-Relationship modeling is a top-down approach to database design. We begin ER modeling by identifying the important data (called entities) and relationships between the data that must be represented in the model. We then add more details such as the information we want to hold about the entities and relationships (called attributes) and any constraints on the entities, relationships, and attributes. Identify entities Identify entities A set of objects with the same properties, which are identified by a user or organization as having an independent existence The first step in logical database design is to identify entity that you have to represent in the database. Entity name Description Occurrence Clinic Veterinary clinics One or more Petcare clinics located throughout London Staff General term describing all staff employed by Petcare Each member of staff works at a particular clinic PetOwner Owners of pets taken to Petcare Owner takes his/her pet to a particular clinic Pet Sick animal seek treatment to the clinic One or more animal are taken to the clinic Examination Treatment Invoice Appointment PetTreatment Attributes The particular properties of entities are called attributes. Attributes represent what we want to know about entities. Single-Valued attributes The majority of attributes are single-valued for a particular entity. For example, each occurrence of the Staff entity has a single value for the staffNo attribute (for example,001), and therefore the staffNo attribute is referred to as being single-valued. Derived attributes An attributes that represents a value that is derivable from the value of a related attributes, or set of attributes, no necessarily in the same entity. Some attributes may be related for a particular entity. For example, the age of a pet is derivable form the date of birth (DOB) attribute, and therefore the age and DOB attributes are related. We refer the age attributes as a derived attributes, the value of which is derived from the DOB attribute. Age is not normally stored in a database because it would have to be updated regularly. On the other hand, as date of birth never changes and age can be derived from date of , date of birth is stored instead, and age is derived from DOB attribute, when needed. Identify relationships Having identifies the entities; next step is to identify all the relationships that exist between these entities. A relationship is a set of associations between participating entities. As with entities, each association should be uniquely identifiable within the set. A uniquely identifiable associations is called a relationships occurrence Clinic Relationships Entity Relationship Entity Clinic Has Veterinary Registers Pet Schedules Appointment IsContactedBy PetOwner Veterinary Relationships Entity Relationship Entity Veterinary Performs Examination Pet Owner Relationships Entity Relationship Entity PetOwner Owns Pet Pays Invoice Attends Appointment Pet Relationships Entity Relationship Entity Pet Undergoes Examination Attends Appointment Cardinality Ratio of PetCare database Cardinality or degree concerns the number of instances involved in a relationship. A relationship can be said to be either a 1:1 (one-to-one) relationship, a 1: M (one-to-many) relationship, or an M: N (many-to-many) relationship. Final Clinic relationships Entity Cardinality Relationship Cardinality Entity Clinic 1..1 Has 1..M Staff 1..M Registers 1..M Pet 1..1 Schedules 1†¦M Appointment 1..1 IsContactedBy 1..M PetOwner Final Veterinary Relationships Entity Cardinality Relationship Cardinality Entity Veterinary 1..1 Performs 1..M Examination Final Pet Owner Relationships Entity Cardinality Relationship Cardinality Entity PetOwner 1..1 Owns 1..M Pet 1..1 Pays 1..M Invoice 1..1 Attends 1..M Appointment Final Pet Relationships Entity Cardinality Relationship Cardinality Entity Pet 1..1 Undergoes 1..M Examination 1..1 Attends 1..M Appointment First draft Entity Relationship Data Model Second draft Entity Relationship Data Model Final Entity Relationship Data Model Task 2 Normalization Normalization is a technique for producing a set of table with desirable properties that support the requirements of a user or company. There are several normal forms, although the most ones are called first normal form (1NF), second normal form (2NF), and third normal form (3NF). All these normal forms are based on rules about relationships among the columns of a table. First normal forms (1NF) Only first normal form (1NF) is critical in creating appropriate tables for relational databases. All the subsequence normal forms are optional. A table in which the intersection of every column and record contains only one value Clinic (clinicNo, address, city, state, zipcode, telNo, faxNo, opeingHour) Primary Key clinicNo Alternate Key zipCode Alternate Key telNo Alternate Key faxNo Alternate Key opeingHour clinicNo address telNo openingHour C001 Enfield 503-555-3618, 503-555-2727, 503-555-6534 9.00-21-00 C002 Islington 206-555-6756, 206-555-8836 9.00-21-00 C003 Hackney 212-371-3000 9.00-21-00 C004 Holloway 206-555-3131, 206-555-4112 9.00-21-00 C005 Chingford 8502333 9.00-21-00 C006 Leyton 4650000 9.00-21-00This version of the Clinic table is not in 1NF More than one value, so not in 1NF Converting to 1NF To convert this version of the Clinic table to 1NF, we create separate table called ClinicTelephone to hold the telephone number of clinics, by removing the tellNo column from the Clinic table along with a copy of the primary key of the Clinic table. The primary key for the new ClinicTelephone table is now the telNo column. The Clinic and ClinicTelephone table are in 1 NF as there is a single value at the intersection of every column with every record for each table Clinic (Not 1NF) clinicNo address telNo openingHour C001 Enfield 503-555-3618, 503-555-2727, 503-555-6534 9.00-21-00 C002 Islington 206-555-6756, 206-555-8836 9.00-21-00 C003 Hackney 212-371-3000 9.00-21-00 C004 Holloway 206-555-3131, 206-555-4112 9.00-21-00 C005 Chingford 8502333 9.00-21-00 C006 Leyton 4650000 9.00-21-00 Remove telNo column and create a new column called telNo in the new table Take copy of clinicNo column to new table to become foreign key ClinicTelephone (1NF) clinicNo telNo C001 503-555-3618 C001 503-555-2727 C001 503-555-6534 C002 206-555-6756 C002 206-555-8836 C003 212-371-3000 C004 206-555-3131 C004 206-555-4112 C005 8502333 C006 4650000 Clinic (1NF) clinicNo address openingHour C001 Enfield 9.00-21-00 C002 Islington 9.00-21-00 C003 Hackney 9.00-21-00 C004 Holloway 9.00-21-00 C005 Chingford 9.00-21-00 C006 Leyton 9.00-21-00 Second normal form (2NF) Second normal form applies only to tables with composite primary keys that are table with a primary key composed of two or more columns. A 1NF table with a single column primary key is automatically in at least 2NF. A table that is not in 2NF may suffer from update anomalies. A table that is already in 1NF and which the values in each non-primary-key column can be worked out from values in all columns that make up the primary key. Third normal form (3NF) Although 2NF table have less redundancy that table in 1 NF, they may still suffer from update anomalies. A table that is already in 1NF and 2NF, and in which the values in all non-primary key columns can be worked out from only the primary key column and no other columns. staffNo name lastName salary clinicNo clinicAddress telNo S001 Tom Adams 25000 C001 Enfield 5035553618 S002 Sally Daniels 35222 C001 Enfield 5035553618 S003 Mary Chin 5200 C002 Islington 206555675 S004 Sally Stern 5000 C002 Islington 206555 S005 Art Peters 45822 C003 Hackney 8502333 S006 Tommy Verciti 65000 C004 Holloway 4650000 Values in clinicNo and clinicAddress columns can be worked out from telNo, so table not in 3NF Values in clinicNo and telNo columns can be worked out from clinicAddress, so table not in 3NF Values in all non-primary-key columns can be worked out from the primary key, staffNo Values in clinicAddress and telNo columns can be worked out from clinicNo, so table not in 3NF staffNo name lastName salary clinicNo clinicAddress telNo StaffClinic (Not 3NF) staffNo name lastName salary clinicNo clinicAddress telNo S001 Tom Adams 25000 C001 Enfield 5035553618 S002 Sally Daniels 35222 C001 Enfield 5035553618 S003 Mary Chin 5200 C002 Islington 206555675 S004 Sally Stern 5000 C002 Islington 206555 S005 Art Peters 45822 C003 Hackney 8502333 S006 Tommy Verciti 65000 C004 Holloway 4650000 Move column to new table Take copy of clinicNo column to new table to become primary key Clinic (3NF) clinicNo clinicAddress telNo C001 Enfield 5035553618 C001 Enfield 5035553618 C002 Islington 206555675 C002 Islington 206555 C003 Hackney 8502333 C004 Holloway 4650000 Staff (3NF) staffNo name lastName salary clinicNo S001 Tom Adams 25000 C001 S002 Sally Daniels 35222 C001 S003 Mary Chin 5200 C002 S004 Sally Stern 5000 C002 S005 Art Peters 45822 C003 S006 Tommy Verciti 65000 C004 Primary key Becomes foreign key Becomes candidate key Becomes primary key Task 3 Using a Database Management System (DBMS) of your choice, set up all the above normalized tables, and populate them with well-designed test data (minimum 5 records per table). Provides printouts of all tables. Reasonable assumption may be made with regard to data Clinic Table create table clinic ( clinicNO int not null primary key, telNo varchar(255), address varchar(255), ) alter table clinic add clinicName varchar (255) alter table clinic add openingHour varchar(255) alter table clinic add eTelNo varchar (255) insert into clinic values (01,2863015,Darwin Avenue,8.00-21.00,2863000,Enfield) insert into clinic values (02,4650001,John David Avenue,8.00-21.00,2868000,Islington) insert into clinic values (03,4278926,King Arthur Avenue,8.00-21.00,2867000,Hackney) insert into clinic values (04,2682365,Paul Mac Avenue,8.00-21.00,2866000,Holloway) insert into clinic values (05,4682685,James Micheal Avenue,8.00-21.00,2865000,Chingford) insert into clinic values (06,2863015,Benaoit Frank Avenue,8.00-21.00,2864000,Leyton) Pet owner create table petowner ( ownerID int not null primary key, oFName varchar (255), oLName varchar (255), clinicNo int foreign key references clinic (clinicNo)) alter table petowner add addres varchar(255) alter table petowner add hTelNo varchar(255) alter table petowner add mTelNo varchar (255) insert into petowner values (01,Marvin,Hemraj,1,Edith Cavel Str,2106584,758956) insert into petowner values (02,Ramjeet,Lavin,2,Avenue Gonin,2564589,7585695) insert into petowner values (03,Arzeena,Bakarkhan,3,Gorgetown Str,2106584,758956) insert into petowner values (04,Chetan,Sing,4,Jackson Road,2458695,7582658) insert into petowner values (05,Hansley,Nowjee,5,15 Ollier Avenue,2565458,7589562) insert into petowner values (06,Sam,Fisher,6,Leess Street,26584585,75895623) Pet Table create table pet ( petNo int not null primary key, type varchar (255), breed varchar (255), sex varchar (255), dob varchar (255) ) alter table pet add clinicNo int foreign key references clinic (clinicNo) alter table pet add ownerid int foreign key references petOwner (ownerid) alter table pet add petName varchar (255) insert into pet values (01,Dog,Terroer,Male,1 Jan 2004,01,01,Wouf) insert into pet values (02,Dog,Poodle,Female,2 Feb 2005,02,02,Snoopy) insert into pet values (03,Cat,Persian,Male,3 March 2006,03,03,Minous) insert into pet values (04,Cat,Siamese,Female,4 April 2007,04,04,Milous) insert into pet values (05,Rabit,Dwarf,male,5 May 2008,05,05,Lapino) insert into pet values (06,Cat,Siamese,Female,4 June 2009,06,06,Lapinas) Examination Table create table examination ( examNo int not null primary key ) alter table examination add veterinaryId int foreign key references veterinary (veterinaryId) alter table examination add petNo int foreign key references pet (petNo) alter table examination add presDrugType varchar (255), presPeriod varchar (255) insert into examination values (1,1,Anti-biotic,15,01) insert into examination values (2,2,Painkiller,14,02) insert into examination values (3,3,Behaviour modification,13,03) insert into examination values (4,4,Ear medication,12,04) insert into examination values (5,5,Skin medication,15,05) insert into examination values (6,6,Painkiller,10,06) Appointment Table create table appointment ( appNo int not null primary key, aDate varchar (255), aTime varchar (255), petNo int foreign key references pet (petNo), ownerID int foreign key references petowner (ownerID), veterinaryId int foreign key references veterinary (veterinaryId) ) alter table appointment add clinicNO int foreign key references clinic (clinicNO) alter table appointment alter column aDate date insert into appointment values (01,2 October 2010,10.00,1,1,1,1) insert into appointment values (02,3 November 2009,10.35,2,2,2,2) insert into appointment values (03,4 December 2009,13.00,3,3,3,3) insert into appointment values (04,5 January 2010,15.00,4,4,4,4) insert into appointment values (05,6 Feb 2010,18.00,5,5,5,5) insert into appointment values (06,7 March 2010,9.00,6,6,6,6) Invoice Table create table invoice ( invoiceNo int not null primary key, ownerid int foreign key references petowner (ownerid), amt int ) alter table invoice add examNo int foreign key references examination (examNo) insert into invoice values (01,01,500,1) insert into invoice values (02,02,2000,2) insert into invoice values (03,03,400,3) insert into invoice values (04,04,300,4) insert into invoice values (05,05,1500,5) insert into invoice values (06,06,750,6) Veterinary Table create table veterinary ( veterinaryId int not null primary key, name varchar (255), Address varchar(255), hTelNo varchar(255), mTelNo varchar(255), clinicBranch varchar (255), specialise varchar(255) ) select * from veterinary alter table veterinary add spspecialise varchar(255) alter table veterinary drop column clinicBranch alter table veterinary add clinicNo int foreign key references clinic (clinicNo) insert into veterinary values (01,Jean,High Street Way 43,6358264,7595865,1,dog) insert into veterinary values (02,Robbin,Lower Downtown 2,6582354,7362548,2,cat) insert into veterinary values (03,Ricky,Market Ville Road,4582356,7586523,3,rabit) insert into veterinary values (04,Rowan,Little China Road2,4582653,7263158,4,dog) insert into veterinary values (05,Laksh,Havana Roadway,8596564,7236458,5,rabit) insert into veterinary values (06,Hans,Talipos Road,4625687,7859584,6,cat) Task 4 Set-up and test all of the following queries using Structured Query Language (SQL). Provide printouts of SQL code for each query and the output produced when you run the query in the database you have developed. Query Question 1 Display the names and address of the branches of Petcare and the name of all veterinary doctors working at each of the branches. Any specialism (s) of the veterinary doctors should also show. Using SQL Code SELECT clinic.clinicName AS [Branches Name], clinic.address AS [Branches Address], veterinary.name AS [Veterinary Doctor Name], veterinary.specialise AS [Veterinary Specialism] FROM clinic INNER JOIN veterinary ON clinic.clinicNO = veterinary.clinicNo The Result Using Query Designer The Result Query Question 2 Display all the appointments for the whole of the Petcare organization. This should be ordered by date. The result should display the branch the appointment is at, the name of the veterinary doctor the appointment is with, the date and time of the appointment, the name of the animal the appointment is for, the type of animal and the breed of the animal. Using SQL code SELECT clinic.clinicName AS [Branches Name], veterinary.name AS [Veterinary Doctor Name], appointment.aDate AS [Appointment Date], appointment.aTime AS [Appointment Time], pet.petName AS [Pet Name], pet.type AS [Pet Type], pet.breed AS [Pet Breed] FROM appointment INNER JOIN clinic ON appointment.clinicNO = clinic.clinicNO INNER JOIN veterinary ON appointment.veterinaryId = veterinary.veterinaryId AND clinic.clinicNO = veterinary.clinicNo INNER JOIN pet ON appointment.petNo = pet.petNo AND clinic.clinicNO = pet.clinicNo ORDER BY [Appointment Date] The Result Using Query Designer The Result Task 5 Explain any assumptions you have made when analyzing, designing and implementing the above database, justify the approach you have taken and explain any alternative approaches you could have taken to any of the above tasks. Discuss any changes you would make to improve your work. Determine candidate, primary and alternate key attributes This step is concerned with identifying the candidate key for an entity and then selecting one to be the primary key. In the process of identifying primary keys, note whether an entity is strong or weak. In trying to identify candidate keys, I observe that the clinic number for the Clinic entity, the veterinary number for the veterinary entity, the invoice number for the Invoice entity are unique for the entire practice. On the other hand, the owner number for the PetOwner entity, the pet number for the Pet entity, are only unique for a particular clinic. Its not uncommon for a company to give different offices a degree of local autonomy. However, in a centralized database system its sometimes more appropriate to have uniqueness throughout the company. In discussion with the PetCare management, its agreed that all numbers should be allocated across the entire practice, as opposed to each branches. If this had not been the decision, it would have been necessary to add the clinic number to those numbers only unique within each clinic to gain uniqueness across the practice. With this in mind, I have now identify the primary keys and foreign key. Check model for redundancy At this point, I have a logical data model for Petcare. However, the data model may contain some redundancy which should be removed. More speci ¬Ã‚ cally, I have to: (1) Re-examine one-to-one (1:1) relationships. (2) Remove redundant relationships. (3) One-to-one (1:1) relationships Redundant relationships There are a number of relationships between PetOwner, Pet, Clinic, and Appointment, and a closer examination is useful to identify any redundant relationships. First of all, note that the PetOwner/Pet entities have mandatory participation in the POAttends/PAttends/Owns relationships, and that a PetOwner may own many pets. Therefore, for any given Appointment we can identify the Owner through the POAttends relationship, but we cannot then identify the Pet through the Owns relationship. However, for any given Appointment, we can identify the Pet through the PAttends relationship and for any given Pet we can identify the PetOwner through the Owns relationship, which suggests that the POAttends relationship is redundant. In a similar way, through the PAttends relationship we can identify the Pet, and through the Registers relationship we can identify the Clinic involved in the Appointment, which suggests the Schedules relationship is also redundant. Note that the IsContactedBy relationship between Clinic and PetOwner also appears to be redundant. However, PetCare notes the details of pet owners when they first make contact and only obtains the details of pets at the first appointment, and so the IsContactedBy relationship is retained. Check business rules Business rules are the constraints that I have impose in order to protect the database from becoming inconsistent. Of the six types of business rules, four were identified in previous steps and documented in the above. I consider the remaining two here: referential integrity and other business rules. Referential integrity There are two issues to consider here: (1) Identify whether nulls are allowed for the foreign key. In general, if the participation of the child table in the relationship is mandatory, then the strategy is tha

Case Study Business Ethics Marketing Essay

Case Study Business Ethics Marketing Essay In this essay I would like to consider personal and organizational ethics and provide my own behavior concerning this issue. To begin with it should be noted that personal ethics and morality are the actual core of human behavior.  It can be said that installation of our personal ethics are the guiding for our further actions.  In this context, it is important to understand two principally different systems of personal ethical behavior.  It can be said that one of the systems can be named as system of full personal responsibility.  It includes only human personal principles and ideals and, on its basis chooses different options of human actions and thoughts.  The opposite of this system is a system of strong subordination principle.  As a rule, these systems are distributed among such religions as Islam and Judaism.  Both these systems are very comfortable and have a number of advantages.  I presume that for me, the closest is the Catholic ethical system.  However, as a fact, I have my own principles and beliefs that form my own ethics and determine my actions and words. Nevertheless, all my personal views are corrected by certain higher value system a system of values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹of the Catholic religion. According to Sayali Bedekar Patil (2010), it should be noted that business ethics is one of the most important, but at the same time the least studied areas of modern business life.  As a fact, scope of business ethics deals with issues how certain business practice is acceptable.  For example, does the vendor have the moral right at an organized presentation of products to hide information from the client about the low standards of a product safety?  Should the accountant report inaccuracies found in the audit, knowing that in this case, that the client is likely to cease cooperation with the firm?  Should car manufacturers use expensive new parts, providing security, knowing that for this reason that car becomes too expensive for the client? Despite the legality of such situations, decisions and actions, the latter should be evaluated in terms of various indicators, not just in the scale of true-false.  Business ethics is contradictory in nature.  Without any doubts, su ch questions relate to business ethics sphere of activity. As a matter of fact, business and ethics can not be considered separately from each other.  In their daily work and activity, people (at any level) will inevitably face the need to make ethical decisions.  As a rule, ethical issues arise in the field of management, marketing, manufacturing, research, human resources, financial management, business strategists, and many others. It can be said that ethical and responsible activity contributes to the creation of new competencies, because it draws its members within the entire organization and contributes to the future-oriented/ holistic approach to leadership style and better prepares the company to both external and internal changes, crises.  Hence, business ethics creates confidence, improves reputation, and helps to maintain good relations with various groups, including, customers, partners, owners, investors and organizations, as well as banks and the media.  I am convinced that ethical and responsible activity helps to impr ove the attractiveness of the company in finding good employees, to maintain the goodwill of members and enhance the value and reliability of an enterprise, to provide a consistent and constant development of the enterprise.  As a fact, ethical and responsible activity affects not only individuals and interest groups, but also the interests and profitability of the organization.  Thus, in other words, business ethics is a way to better manage the enterprise. Many experts have different definitions of what ethics  is. To find a common ground I would like to provide some of them, which in my opinion, characterize this concept the most accurately. According to Chris MacDonald (2002), ethics is a measurement of human thought and behavior that emanates from the principles of goodness and correctness. Ethics is an attempt to define the rules that should guide human activities and life values.  Ethics defines how people should treat each other. Ethics is a set of values à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹that are positive and correct. Personally I think that all these definitions bear in themselves the answer for the question what is ethic. For me, ethics is a set of behavior rules of a person or organization that create its image and attitude to the person or organization by customers, partners, investors, media, authorities and so on. According to Chris MacDonald (2002), there are following ethical values: Honesty, integrity, promise-keeping, fidelity, fairness, caring for others, respect for others, responsible citizenship, pursuit for excellence and accountability. However, business ethics also include such concept like ethic dilemma. It should be noted that ethic dilemma is a problem of difficult choice between this or that way of behavior. Situations and conflicts that from time to time require making a decision in real life, often raises the ethical dilemma. As a fact, the two possible solutions of the ethical dilemma may involve behavior, which is not acceptable from the standpoint of morality. Ethical conflicts may occur in following cases: There is a significant conflict between different interests; Alternative solutions can be justified equally; The consequences are very important for those, who are concerned. I would like to provide two examples of business ethical dilemma, that in my opinion are of special interest. The first one: a client wishes to receive from a company any product or service, but when he heard the price, the client states that this price is unacceptable to him.  An employee of firm knows that the client can get the same service at competitors store.  Should the employee of the firm tell customer about the competitor or not? The second business ethical dilemma is following: my colleague tells me that he is going to leave the company and begin work on a new site, which is promised to him.  At the same time my boss gives me to understand that he will not give me a promotion, because he is going to give it to my colleague. Should I tell my colleague about it? Without any doubts it is hard to answer these dilemmas unequivocally. In my opinion, business ethical dilemma is always a compromise with yourself. On the one hand, everybody has own interests or interests of t he company. On the other hand, people should behave  themselves towards  others, as well as they  want  people to  behave towards  them. I think that that a person should decide for himself what is more important to him long-term image and honor or short-term benefit. In this part of the essay I would like to provide an analysis of my own work experience at Starbucks Corporation, where I used to work as barista. It should be noted that Starbucks believes and does business ethically and also strives to do the right things that are vital to the success of the company.  I presume that business ethics supports the mission of Starbucks and helps to protect its culture and reputation by providing resources to help partners make ethical decisions at work.   According to Kate McClelland (2007), Starbucks has its own program, which is aimed at comprehensive development of business ethics within  the company  and  as well as in  contact  with the external environment. The program develops and disseminates information materials, including business standards, promotes compliance and ethics training. Also Starbucks program explores sensitive issues such as potential conflicts of interest, and also provides additional channels for partners voice concerns.  Partners are required to report all types of questions or concerns to the program through their choice of communication channels.  As a rule, the majority of reports received on business ethics and compliance involve labor relations issues.  It can be said that Starbucks believes that company should conducting business ethically and always tries to improve its business ethical standards. According to Starbucks Ethical Sourcing (2011), Starbucks business ethics includes social responsibility and its component, among them are: Taking care about countries that produce coffee; Taking care about the environment; Taking care about communities; Taking care about employees. I would like to consider all these concepts more closely. As a matter of fact, taking care about countries that produce coffee is a very important ethical issue for Starbucks. It can be said that Starbucks takes serious measures to help coffee farmers improve their lives and protect the environment in which they grow coffee.  Starbucks has carefully studied many problems, which farmers are faced by today, including economic and environmental.  By taking care about countries that produce coffee Starbucks at the same time maintains a stable state of their plantations, pays attention to the protection of the environment and maintains high standards of coffee quality. Because Starbucks success depends largely on the stable supply of quality coffee, the company has taken steps to maintain the stability of coffee production with a simultaneous concern for the environment.  Starbucks also supports community projects to improve the welfare of families in coffee regions. The second element of Starbucks business ethics program is taking care about the environment. It should be noted that taking  measures to  reduce  waste  production and  processing  allow the company to  preserve  the natural  resources  and raise living standards  around the globe.  Starbucks actively  seeks out  opportunities  to minimize impacts on  the environment  and  contributes a lot of money and time to make our planet healthier. The third element is taking care about communities. As a fact, local Starbucks coffeehouses have become a central part of many neighborhoods, they serve as a place where people can gather, talk, talk, have a good time.  But Starbucks believes that by make their partners responsible neighbors and active participants in the events of those areas in which they live and work, together they can bring more benefits to local communities.  This is an important part of the business ethics and the culture à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â ‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹of the company. The forth element of Starbucks business ethics program is taking care about employees. More than 63,000 people work at Starbucks and all these people the company calls partners, who are a tool for success. And since Starbucks success depends largely on the dedication of the partners, the companys primary goal is to show them how much Starbucks appreciate and respect them, according to Tom Allen (2009). In my opinion, Starbucks has positive attitude to business ethics. However, I would like to say that even this business ethics structure needs some changes. First of all, there have to be made certain improvements in the sphere of business ethics because Starbucks is working globally and not in every country ethical principles are identical. That is why Starbucks can not permit to lose its image in the international business. Often, one of the ethical principles plays a considerable role in a customers decision whether visit Starbucks again or not. Good service and exemplary attitude of the staff in Starbucks Corporation always has to use ethical principles that will help the company to succeed. In order to provide the best service and unique products to the customers, Starbucks Corporation has to do everything possible to satisfy the customers needs. If I was a leader, I would create a plan of changes in business ethics and implementation of new approaches, I would take into consideration the analysis and evaluation of the current strategies, business ethical principles, newest technologies and innovative approaches that would have a company to succeed. As for specific steps, I propose the company to expand its presence in popular social networks and make a questionnaire survey in the coffee houses with the aim to improve its fairness and pursuit for excellence. I presume that open desire of the company to hear and take into account opinions and  suggestions of the customers concerning improving service quality will be the best way  to reflect its  business ethics  and  will have a positive impact  on  company image. I am convinced that this step will help Starbucks to gain more fans all over the world. This will show that Starbucks is taking care of people. To sum it up I would like to say that ethics is the humanity, honesty, respect, goodwill, fairness and trust.  It is not possible to provide effective management without business ethics, for the sake of success of the enterprise it is important to treat others with respect, appreciate other people and take into account what is happening in and around the enterprise.  Each organization is the part of the society and the wider environment, disregard for society and the environment can lead to a situation in which the company can no longer continue its activity.  Society and the environment can exist without any particular company, but the company without its environment and society will not survive.  It should be noted that people create the organization and the organization is created in the first place for the people.  All products and services that are produced and offered are created specifically for people and for their needs.   Without any doubts Starbucks Corporation has almost perfect business ethics standards. Although, if I would be a leader of the corporation I would propose the company to expand its presence in popular social networks and make a questionnaire survey in the coffee houses with the aim to improve such important ethical values as fairness and pursuit for excellence. I strongly believe that such step will help the company to hear and take into consideration opinions and  suggestions of the customers concerning Starbucks goods and service  quality and be the best way  to reflect its high  business ethics standards.