Abraham :: essays research papers

AbrahamAbraham, also cognise as Abram is most commonly known for being the Father of theJewish people. The majority of the tuition found on Abraham is located inthe Old Testaments Book of Genesis. Other than that, there ar no realhistorical records on the life of Abraham, so the memorial of his life was passedby word of mouth, and were there after made into biblical stories. There is alsothe question if Abraham really lived, do to the little information available onhis life. Abraham is most famous for making his Covenant with theology.     Abraham would confine lived somewhere between the years of 2000 and 1500BC. He was born in the city of Ur. Abrahams real name was Abram. The baffle ofAbram , Terach, had both other sons , Haran and Nachor. While surviving in the cityof Ur , Abram married his half-sister, Sarai who after took on the name ofSarah. The newlyweds later learned that Sarai was sterile. They then travelednorth to Charan, accompanied by Abra hams father Terach. While in Charan Terachdied. It was in Charan where God made his first of a series of revelations toAbram. God spoke to Abram, and told him that he would promise to bless him and play a great nation of him. Abram willingly decided to follow God to the city of promised record. Abram not only traveled with his married woman on this journey, tho he alsopicked up his nephew, Lot. He lived his life in paradise as a Nomad. shortageeventually struck the land of Canaan , forcing Abram and his family to move onto Egypt.     In Egypt, Abram was fearful that the Egyptians would kill him and takehis wife Sarai if they were to discover that the two were married. Abramattempted to cover this up by sexual intercourse everyone that he and Sarai were justbrother and sister. The Pharaoh demanded that Sarai be brought to his palace,and as result, God direct down plagues which devastated all of Egypt. In adesperate attempt to hand over his kingdom, Pharaoh decided it would be best to sendAbram and Sarai away.     Abram and his family returned to Canaan after the Famine had ended. BothLot and Abraham had great wealth in Canaan. The two twain owned livestock, andlarge quantities of silver and gold. Eventually Abram and Lot found that theland could no longer provide the resources that the two men required of it. Thetwo went their separate ways, Lot going to the Jordan Plain, and Abram staying

Changing social diversity in the United States Essay

As regular army is a land of opportunities, millions of people of assorted origin have migrated to the farming and settled there, thus changing the hearty and heathenish novelty of the nation. Children at the young age face encumbrance as they get exposed to two sets of language and culture at school and home. A massive increase in Latino cosmos has increased the importance of Spanish language and more businesses related to Spanish have come up. But this Hispanic universe of discourse has no difficulty in accepting English as their main language.The uniqueness of the immigration is that everybody wants to get integrated into American mainstream. Changing mixed bag in USA 3 Changing social diversity in the United States As United States is known as the land of opportunities for many decades, millions of people had migrated to this country since long time. It has been menti whizzd in the website http//www. sedl. org/pubs/sedletter/v12n02/2. hypertext mark-up language that the make up of the US community has changed so much over the last three decades that the definition of diversity has itself got transformed in the process.It has also been stated that for the first time in the US census held in 2000, individuals were allowed to tick on more than one race in the form. Due to this change in diversity, cultural and socioeconomic factors are now becoming increasingly important while interacting in the society. The website http//www. naeyc. org/ more or less/positions/pdf/psdiv98. pdf deals with the problem children faces in schools due to increased linguistic and cultural diversities.To quote from the above mentioned website, At younger ages, children are negotiating difficult transitions among their home and educational settings, requiring an adaptation to two or more different sets of rules, values, expectations, and behaviors. If the child forgets his home language, it may cause disruption in family communication methods. Thus families are faci ng increasingly complex responsibilities. The website http//knowledge. allianz. com/en/globalissues/demographic_change/gender_diversity/hispanics_integration_us. hypertext mark-up language states that there has been a massive growth in Hispanic population in the USA and most of them have accepted English as their main language. But the importance of Spanish is also growing as many newspapers have come up in Spanish and Hispanic related businesses are growing in the United States. Changing diversity in USAReference List1) Responding to Linguistic and Cultural form Recommendations for Effective Early Childhood Education in National crosstie for the Education of Young Children adopted November 1995 Retrieved on 13th March 2009 from the website < http//www.naeyc. org/about/positions/pdf/psdiv98. pdf > 2) A Changing Nation The Impact of Linguistic and Cultural form on Education by Kathleen Trail SED letter Volume dozen Number 2 December 2000 Retrieved on 13th March 2009 from the website <http//www. sedl. org/pubs/sedletter/v12n02/2. html> 3) Ethnic Business in a Changing America, Allianz Knowledge checkmate site, published on September 11, 2007 Retrieved on 13th March 2009 from the website < http//knowledge. allianz. com/en/globalissues/demographic_change/gender_diversity/hispanics_integration_us. html >

Chick Enhancer

Poultry-raising is one of the businesses that can be found here in the Philippines. Its very simple and helpful, as chickens provide foods like chicken meat and eggs. It could also help in the agriculture area. Some tribe use supplemental feeds so that the chickens may grow fast. But now, were going to suck up a study to find a essential and better substitute, like Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis) and Malunggay (Moringa oleifera) as additives in making supplemental feeds. Aloe vera is a succulent plant species that probably originated in northern Africa.The species does not have any naturally bumpring populations, although closely related aloes do occur in northern Africa. The species is frequently cited as being used in herbal medicine since the beginning of the first century AD. Extracts from A. vera are astray used in the cosmetics and alternative medicine industries, being marketed as variously having rejuvenating, healing, or soothing properties. There is, however, little sc ientific evidence of the persuasiveness or safety of Aloe vera extracts for either cosmetic or medicinal purposes, and what lordly evidence is available is frequently contradicted by other studies.Aloe vera is one of the altogether have intercoursen natural vegetarian sources of Vitamin B12, and it contains many minerals vital to the growth process and bouncing function of all the bodys systems. Moringa oleifera is the most widely cultivated species of the genus Moringa, which is the only genus in the family Moringaceae. In developing countries, moringa has potential to im manifest nutrition, boost food security, shelter rural development, and support sustainable landcare. It may be used as forage for livestock, a micronutrient liquid, a natural anthelmintic and possible adjuvant. secondary Feeds, one of the cheapest and most effectual ways to improve the growth of chickens. recital of the Problem This study aims to determine the effects of Aloe Vera and Malunggay as additiv e components in making supplemental feeds. The researchers would like to seek the answer to the problem bunghole Aloe Vera and Malunggay extract be an alternative for growth and weight enhancer on chicks? If so, what is/are the side effects of Aloe Vera (Aloe barbadensis) and Malunggay (Moringa oleifera) extract in * Growth shinny Color * Other characteristics Hypothesis Ho Aloe Vera and Malunggay extracts are not useful as additives in making supplemental feeds. Ha Aloe Vera and Malunggay extracts are legal for using it as additive components in making supplemental feeds. import of the Study There is an increase of demand of chicken today. Most of the restaurants in our country are using chicken for their specialty. As we all know chicken is one of the most common foods that we eat, and that is our reason of pursuing this come out.We would like to help the poultry-raisers to raise chickens in a small period of time. If we succeeded with this project we can also help our econo my to grow and make it more(prenominal) influential. This project is also against on non-organic raisers because we are not sure slightly the side effects of that chemical once we intake the chicken. We want to prove that even we are a student we can help in our own little way. The fact that Aloe Vera and Malunggay are highly available and cheaper, this leave behind help people, especially in business industries. They can even do it on their own.

Coyote Blue Chapter 23~24

Part 3 inviteCHAPTER 23Pavlovs Dogs and the Rhinestone TurdLas VegasThe only distractions from the noise of his own mind were desert-dried roadkills, thrown and twisted retreads, and road signs reflecting desolation. serve in-to-air missile drove, smoked, and fought drowsiness by worrying ab come out how he would find the young wo serviceman. The fancyster slept in the p tail endenger s cancel out.surface-to-air missile had been to Las Vegas collar quantify before with Aaron to see championship boxing at Caesars Palace. Two light speed dollars bought them seats at nosebleed altitude, closer to the moon than the ring, notwithstanding Aaron insisted that in that respect was nothing wish well being thither. Without binoculars, followers the progress of the fight was equivalent tracking trim a rumor. surface-to-air missile usu all toldy watched the wo workforce and did his scoop to keep o spell Aaron calmed beverage.As soon as they walked into a casino Aaron starte d. This is my town The lights, the excitement, the women I was born for this place. Then Aaron would drop a couple thousand at the remits and suck free gin and tonics until he staggered. In the morning surface-to-air missile would drag Aaron out of a tangle of sitin sheets and hookers, throw him in the shower, and listen to his long lament of remorse and hang all over as he cast in the fend forseat of the car with a jacket over his head, whining the whole musical mode home about how he would never re cut into. Aaron never failed to fuel the edacity railcar and was forever and a day dumbfounded when it juiced him of his hope.It was the railroad car that fascinated surface-to-air missile. While Aaron fundament himself through the velvet gears, surface-to-air missile watched the workings of the most elabo outrank muleteer box on the face of the Earth. Drop the coin, hear the bell, see the lights, eat the food, see the women, hear the bell, see the lights, drop the coin ag ain. The ostentation of the casinos did not create desire for currency it do money meaningless. There were no mortgages in a casino, no children considering food, no car needing repairs, no work, no duration, no day, no night those things the context of money were just aboutplace else. A place where wad returned before they realized that a turd involute in rhinestones is a turd nonetheless.surface-to-air missile saying the glow from Las Vegas upgrade over the desert from thirty miles out. He poked coyote in the degree and the trickster woke up.Hold the wheel, Sam express.Let me drive. You can exemptness.Youre not ride my car. Just hold the wheel. brush wolf held the wheel while Sam punched hardlytons on the console. The screen of the navigation system flickered on. Sam punched a few more than buttons and a street map of Las Vegas lit up green on the screen. A blip representing the Merecedes blinked along Highway 15 toward the city.Okay, Sam give tongue to, ta king the wheel again.coyote studied the screen. How do you win?Its not a game, its a map. The blip is us.The car knows where it is going, resembling a horse?It doesnt know, it bonny tells us where we be.Like smell out the window?Look, Im going to hold to sleep when we buy the farm to Vegas. I dont even know where to start discovering for Calliope.Why dont you wonder the car?Sam ignored the question. Im going to worry us a agency. He dialed information on the cellular phone, got the untroubled turn of a casino hotel, so called and reserved a room.The exits saturnine the thoroughfare were marked by label of casinos they led to, not by the names of streets or roads. Sam similarlyk the exit marked Came atomic reactor. He followed the signs down the surface streets lined with pawnshops, convenience stores, and low-slung cinder-block buildings downstairs neon signs that proclaimed, CASH FOR YOUR CAR, CHECKS CASHED HERE, MARRIAGES AND DIVORCES TWENTY-FOUR-HOUR DRIVE-TH RU WINDOW. brush wolf state, What are these places?Sam tried to call binding of a quick explanation, but was too weary from lack of sleep to tackle the concept of Las Vegas in twenty- fiver words or less. Finally he say, These are places where you go if you call for to fuck up your life and you dont have a pass near of time to do it in.Are we going to stop?No, I appear to be fucking up at a fine rate of speed, thank you. Sam spotted the pseudomedieval towers of Camelot rising above the strip, multi-colored pennons flying from standards canted with aircraft warning lights. He wondered what the real pouf Arthur (if there was a King Arthur, and who was he to question the truth darker myth?) would have mentation about the casino named aft(prenominal)wards his legendary city. Would he recognize allthing? Would he cower in fear at the sight of his premier(prenominal) electric car light? Flush toilet? Automobile? Would he be cut to a pathetic Quixote attacking this place where chivalry was a old-fashioned marketing idea? Or would the Once and Future King ready eyes on a leggy keno little girl and face lift an early(a) lance to lead the knights of the Round Table in a charge? The women, Sam decided, would be Arthurs couplestone, and his downfall.He picture a inspect at coyote. When we approach there youre going to see a lot of women without a lot of clothes on. Stay absent from them. prairie wolf looked surprised. I never touch a cleaning lady who does not want it-Dont touch Sam interrupted. prairie wolf slouched in his seat. Or need it, he whispered.Sam drove the Mercedes over a behemoth drawbridge and stopped at the valet parking station where a dozen young men clothinged analogous squires were scrambling round unloading cars, filling out slips, and hotheaded cars away.This is it, Sam said. He popped the trunk and got out, leaving the engine running. A fond(p) desert wind washed over him at the same time a young man ran approximat ely the car and held out a routineed slip of paper. Your ticket, milord.Sam dug in his pocket for a meridian to trail the kid, but found nothing. Im sorry, he said. I dont have all immediate fixment on me. Ill get your name and leave a tip at the desk.The kid tried to force a smile and failed. actually good, milord. He jumped in the car and slammed the door. Sam cringed and tapped on the window. The window whirred down the kid waited.Sam leaned in and read the kids p lowestic terriblege. Look, uh, Squire Tom, I really will leave a tip at the desk for you. We left-hand(a) in a hurry and I forgot to get cash.The kid waited, gunning the engine.Theres an disheartenment remote on the keys. Could you turn it on after you park it? ane chirp is armed.Squire Tom nodded and pulled away. Sam heard him say, The pox on you, Moorish pig, over the squeal of the tires. How au pasttic, Sam thought. He watched the Mercedes disappear around the corner and wondered why valet parking always m ade him aroma as if he had seen his car for the last time. brush wolf stood crosswise the way gesticulate to the car. He looked over. Moorish pig?The dark skin, I guess, said Sam. He led brush wolf past a half-dozen squires and an overweight laugh at in a purple-and-yellow jesters outfit with a radio on his knocking and a badge that read, Lord Larry, over other drawbridge, and into the casino.Trumpets contend a fanfare as they crossed the threshold under a brace of large broadswords. A jolly electronic voice welcomed them to Camelot. Sam spotted a charr in a peasant dress by a sign reading, Ye Olde Information. The badge she wore, next to a impressive dis shirk of cleavage, read, libidinous Wench Wendy. Sam pulled prairie wolf rachis and approached the girl. exculpation me, er, Wendy. I have a room reserved and I need to find a cash machine.The girl spoke in a whining fake-English-over-true-Brooklyn accent. «Well» she threw out a hip, struck a pose if mi lords decease through the casino to the left to the second arch, ye will find the read on the nosement desk. Theres cash machines by every arch, milord.Thanks, Sam said. He started to walk away, then turned back to the girl. Exc wont me, but Ive been here before and I thought everyone was a lord or a lady. Lusty dolly is a new one.The English accent had overheated and failed. Yeah. About three months ago they said it was getting sorta confusing. You know, six Lord Steves, ten dame Debbies. They use a bunch of other medieval titles now. The bellboys are serfs. Lusty wenches, alchemists, stuff like that.Oh, thanks, Sam said as if he understood. He led brush wolf into the chaos of the casino, looking for a cash machine while trying to move quickly. brush wolfs appearance was attracting attention, and when people looked up from a expansion slot machine or dulljack confuse, Sam knew they were truly distracted. As they passed a carousel of slot machines, a middle-aged woman who wa s pumping accommodate into a machine by the handful leaned so far back to get a look at the trickster that she nearly toppled take out her stool. Sam caught her and steadied her. He works at the Frontier, up the strip, Sam said.coyote peeked over Sams shoulder, winked at the woman, then licked his superciliums. The womans jaw dropped.foreign dancer, Sam explained. The woman nodded, a little stunned, and returned her attention to the slot machine.I wish you wouldnt do that, Sam said to coyote. And dont you have any other clothes? Something a little more conservative?Wool? brush wolf made an incredibly realistic sheep noise. A label boss at the blackjack tables raised an eyebrow and dickens security jesters fell in behind Sam and Coyote.Be cool, Sam said. He turned under a hanging tapestry of a unicorn and stopped by a cash machine, checking over his shoulder for the security jesters. They waited and watched, standing a few feet away, while Sam took a deck of recognize card gam e from his handbag and shuffled through them. When he inserted one of the cards in the machine and punched his acknowledgment number the jesters locomote dark.Theyre gone, Coyote said.Yeah, as long as it looks like youre going to spend money I guess it doesnt matter what you look like.Coyote watched as the cash machine spit a throne of twenties into the tray. You win, he said. You picked the right numbers the first time.Yeah, Im roaring that way. furnish again, see if you win.Sam grinned. Im very good at this game. He prepare a disparate card into the machine and punched the same PIN number while Coyote watched. The machine whirred and another stack of twenties stroking into the tray.You won Play again.No. We need to check in. Sam picked up the money and walked to a registration desk that was long enough to land planes on. At this hour of the morning there were only two people on the desk, a lusty wench named Chantel and a very tall, thin, very black man in a business causa and wraparound sunglasses who stood back from the desk and watched, unmoving.Hunter, Samuel, Sam said. I have a reservation. He placed a credit card on the desk. The girl typed for a second. The com strayer beeped and the girl looked over her shoulder at the black man, who travel like fluidness to her side. He consulted the screen for a moment. What now? Sam thought.The black man looked down at Sam and a crescent moon of a smile appeared on the night sky of his face. He picked up Sams credit card and handed it back. Mr. Hunter, thank you for joining us again. The rooms on Camelot, sir. And if theres anything I can get you, please dont hesitate to call down and ask.Sam was dumbfounded. Then he remembered. The last time he had stayed here Aaron had disoriented almost twenty thousand dollars and billed it to their suite of rooms. The suite had been registered in Sams name. Vegas loves a loser.Thank you Sam read the mans nameplate, which was pinned at Sams eye take M.F. No Lo rd, no Squire, no title at all just M.F.The second elevator on your left, Mr. Hunter, the lusty wench said. Twenty-seventh floor.Thanks, Sam said. Coyote grinned at the girl and Sam dragged him away to the elevator, where the trickster right away punched in four floor numbers and stood back. This time, I will win.Its a fucking elevator, Sam said. Just push twenty-seven. except that is not the lucky number.Sam sighed and pushed the floor number, then waited while they stopped at all the floors Coyote had pushed on their way to twenty-seven.Once in the room, Sam barren to his shorts and fell onto one of the king-size beds. depict some sleep if you can. Ill try and figure out how to find Calliope in the morning. Im too tired to think now.You sleep, Coyote said. I will think of a plan.Sam didnt answer. He was already asleep.Coyote Loses His AssCoyote and his partner best had been hunting all day, but neither had found any game. after(prenominal) a while they sat down on some ro cks and began talking.This is your fault, Coyote said. I can always find game.I dont think so, stovepipe said. If you are such a good hunter, why is your married woman so skinny?Coyote thought about his skinny married woman and toppers fat little wife and he was jealous. Well, how about a forebode? he said. Tomorrow we will individually go out hunting. If you get more rabbits, you can come to my lodge and sleep with my wife so you can see that my skinny wife is offend. But if I get more rabbits, I get to sleep with your wife.Sounds fair, top hat said.The next day, after the hunt, Coyote came to Beavers lodge carrying his one scrawny rabbit. Oh, Mrs. Beaver, he called. Ive come to get word on my guess.Mrs. Beaver called from inside the lodge. Oh, Coyote, you are a great hunter. Mr. Beaver just stopped by with twenty rabbits on his way to your lodge. You better go stop him and tell him that you got more.Right, Coyote said. Ill be right back. He slunk off to his lodge dragging his rabbit.His wife was waiting extraneous. Nice rabbit, she said.Beaver is inside. Ill see you in the morning. Coyotes wife went into the lodge and pulled down the door flap. either night Coyote sat outside his lodge shivering and listening. At one point he heard his wife cry out.Beaver Coyote shouted. Dont you hurt my wife.Hes not hurting me, Mrs. Coyote said. I like itSwell, Coyote said.The next morning Beaver came out of Coyotes lodge relation and grinning. No hard feelings, right?A bet is a bet, Coyote said.Mrs. Coyote peeked out and said, Maybe this will teach you not to gamble.Right, Coyote said. Then he called to Beaver, Hey, how about performing the hand game with me reduplicate or nothing?Sounds good, Beaver said. Lets go down to the river.At the river Coyote said, This is for a night with your wife. Then he picked the wrong hand.You really shouldnt gamble, Beaver said.Ill bet you my best horse for a night with your wife, Coyote said. aft(prenominal) a while, Coyote had befogged all his horses, his lodge, his wife, and his clothes. hotshot more time, he said.But you dont have anything left, Beaver said.Ill bet you my ass against everything else.I dont want your ass, Beaver said.I thought you were my friend.Okay, Beaver said. He hid the stone behind his back. Coyote picked the wrong hand.Can I borrow your knife? Coyote said.I dont want your ass, Beaver said.A bet is a bet, Coyote said. He took Beavers knife and cut off his ass. Boy, that stings. Ive got to go, Beaver said. Ill tell your wife she can come and sleep in my lodge if she wants to. He picked up all of Coyotes things and went home.When Coyote got home his wife was waiting. Beaver took the lodge, she said.Yep, Coyote said.Wheres your ass? she asked.Beaver got that too.You know, she said, theres a twelve-step program for gambling. You should look into it.Twelve steps. Coyote laughed. Ill bet I can do it in six.CHAPTER 24Coyote in Trickster TownLas VegasCoyote had been a long time in t he Spirit World, where everyone knew him, so no one would gamble with him. Now that he was in Trickster Town, he wanted to make up for lost time. He waited for Sam to fall asleep, then he took the salesmans notecase and went down the elevator to the casino.Coyote saw hundreds of shiny machines blinking, and ringing, and clanking big coins into roaring metal bowls. He saw green tables where people traded money for shrill chips and a woman in a cage who paid money for the chips. He saw a wheel with a ball that went around and around. When the ball stopped a man took everyones chips. The key to that one, Coyote thought, is to snatch your chips when you see the ball slowing down.At one green table, a shaman with a stick chanted while players threw bones. There was ofttimes shouting and moaning after each throw and the shaman took many chips from the players. That is a game of magic, Coyote thought. I will be very good at that one. But first I must use Sams chess medicine on this machine.The trickster stood by a machine that he had seen Sam win from two times. He took one of the gold cards from Sams wallet and slipped it into the machine, then he pressed the number that he had seen Sam use. The machine beeped and spit the card out.Panther piss Coyote swore. Ive lost. He pounded on the machine, then stepped back and drew another card from Sams wallet. He put it in the machine and pressed the number. The machine beeped and spit out the card. Balls Coyote said. This cheating medicine is no good.A round woman in pink stretch pants who was standing behind Coyote cleared her throat and made an impatient humphing noise. Coyote turned to her. Get your own machine. This one is mine.The woman glared at the trickster and tapped her foot.Go, go, go, Coyote said, waving her away. There are many machines to play on. I was here first. Go away.He put another card into the machine and hunched over the keyboard so the woman would not steal his cheating medicine. He looked bac k over his shoulder. She was trying to see what he was doing. Go away, woman. My cheating medicine will not help you. Even if you win you will shut up be ugly.The woman wrapped the strap of her pocketbook around her wrist joint and wound up to swing it at Coyote. Coyote was going to turn into a flea and disappear into the carpet, but he would have had to drop Sams wallet to do it, so he hesitated and the woman let fly.Coyote ducked and cover his head, but the blow didnt come. Instead he heard a buckram thud above his head and looked up to see a huge black hand holding the pocketbook in the air, the woman hiatus from the strap at the other end. Coyote looked up further, craning his neck, until he saw a dazzling crescent moon of a smile in the face like night sky.Is there a problem? said the crescent moon in a soft, calm, deep voice. The giant displace the woman, who stood stunned, staring up at what looked like a living late-afternoon shadow in sunglasses. The giant was used to shocking people white people anyway a seven-foot black man anywhere off a basketball court nonplussed most. He squeezed the womans shoulder gently to supply her back to her senses. Are you all right, maam? Again the smile.Fine. Im fine, the woman said, and she tottered off into the casino to tell her husband that, by God, they would spend their next holiday in Hawaii where natives and giants if they were there at all were part of the entertainment.The giant turned his attention to Coyote. And you, sir, can I help you with anything?You look like Raven, Coyote said. Do you always wear sunglasses?Always, sir, the giant said with a slight bow. He pointed to the brass nameplate on his black suit jacket. Im M.F., customer service, at your service, sir.Whats the M.F. stand for? Coyote asked.Just M.F., sir. I am the youngest of nine children. I suppose my catch was too tired to come up with a full name.This was not entirely true, nor entirely false. The giants mother had, indee d, been weary by the time he was born, but she had also true an unnatural obsession with dental hygiene as a child, after she was chosen to be one of the first students ever to participate in a Crest toothpaste test. It had been her single moment of glory, her fifteen bits of fame (and her best checkup ever). When she grew up she married a navy man named Nathan Fresh, and as she bore her children she christened them in remembrance of her day in the dental sun. The first of the Fresh children, a boy, was named Fluoristat. Then came three more boys Tartar, Plaque, and Molar. Then two girls Gingivitis and Flossie (the latter after the famous dental hygiene cow). After radiation pattern deliveries of two more sons, Bicuspid and Incisor, she had a long, difficult labor with her largest and last son, Minty. Later, Mother Fresh swore that had the child taken one more minute to come into the world, she would have named him Mr. Tooth Decay out of spite a berth that gave little solace to the man named Minty Fresh.Coyote said, People think that it stands for motherfucker, dont they?No, Minty said. No one has ever mentioned it.Oh, Coyote said. Can you fix this machine? When I give it the cheating number it just beeps.Minty Fresh looked at the cash machine, which was still blinking the message INSTRUCTIONS IN ENGLISH, SPANISH, OR JAPANESE. hire ONE. Youll need to choose a language, sir. He reached down and pushed the English button. It should be fine now.Coyote inserted a card and punched two numbers on the keyboard, then looked at Minty. This is my secret number.Yes, Minty said. If you need anything at all, please ask for me personally. He turned and walked away.Coyote finished punching the PIN number. When the machine prompted him for an amount he punched in $9999.99, the maximum allowed by the six-figure field. The machine whirred and spit five hundred dollars into the tray, then flashed a message saying that this was the cards transaction limit. Coyote tried the card again and got another five hundred. The third time the machine refused the transaction so Coyote tried another card. After running all of Sams cards to their limit he walked away from the machine with twenty thousand dollars in cash.Coyote went to the roulette table and held the four-inch brick of twenties out to the croupier, a slight Oriental woman in a red-and-purple silk doublet with a name badge that read, madam Lihn. The croupier said, On the table. She gestured for Coyote to put the money down. She nodded to a pit boss. Watch count, please, she said mechanically. The pit boss, a sharp-faced, slick-haired Italian man wearing a polyester suit and a ten-thousand-dollar Rolex, moved to her side and watched as she counted the bills out on the table.Changing twenty thousand, brothel keeper Lihn said. How would you like this, sir?Red ones, Coyote said. The pit boss raised an eyebrow and smirked. Lady Lihn looked irritated.Red is five dollar. No room on table.The pit boss addressed Coyote. Perhaps youd like two hundred in fives and the rest in hundreds, sir.What color are the hundreds? Coyote said.Black, Lady Lihn said.Yellows, Coyote said.Yellows are two dollars.You pick, Coyote said.Lady Lihn counted out racks of chips and pushed them in prior of Coyote. The pit boss nodded to a cocktail waitress, then to the stack of chips in bm of Coyote, which the cocktail waitress interpreted as Take the order. The cocktail waitress would bring strong rackets until Coyote started to get drunk, then she would bring watered drinks until he looked tired, when she would cater coffee and disappear until the caffeine kicked in.Can I bring you something to drink?Coyote turned to the cocktail waitress and stared into her cleavage. Yes, he said.The waitress held a pen ready over a cocktail napkin. What can I bring you?Coyote shot a glance to a woman at the table who was drinking a mai tai, resplendent with paper parasols and sword-skewered tropical fruit. He grabbe d the womans drink and downed half of it, nearly taking his eye out with the plastic broadsword. One of these, Coyote said. He replaced the drink in front of the woman, who didnt seem to bump that it had been missing. Shed been riding the alcohol-and-caffeine culler coaster for hours and was absorbed in winning back her childrens college fund.Bets down, Lady Lihn said. Coyote put a single red chip on black and the ball was dropped. Coyote watched the ball race around the outside of the wheel. When it slowed and dropped to the numbers he reached for his bet.No touch bet, Lady Lihn snapped. In an second gear the pit boss, the cocktail waitress, and two security jesters in steel-toed elf shoes were at Coyotes side. The trickster pulled his hand back. It will be hard to trick these people, Coyote thought. They talk like wolves, all twitches and gestures and smells.The ball dropped into a red slot and Lady Lihn placed another red chip next to Coyotes. I win, I win, I win, Coyote chant ed. He did a skipping dance around the table and sang a victory song.Above the casino, in a mirrored dome, a video camera picked up Coyotes dancing prototype and sent it to a deck of monitors where three men watched and, in turn, watched each other watch. One pressed a button and picked up a telephone. M.F., he said. This is God. Customer service on table fifty-nine. The Indian you were talking to a few minutes ago. Watch him.Im on it, Minty Fresh said. He turned to the girl who was working behind the computer. God wants me on the floor.The girl nodded. As Minty walked by her she sang softly, He knows when you are sleeping. He knows when youre perk up.Minty Fresh smiled. He really didnt mind being watched. Because of his size, people had always watched him. He had never blended into any background, never entered a room unnoticed, never been able to sneak up on someone. Attracting attention was as natural to him as being. And for every original-thinking dolt who asked him how the w eather was up there, there was a woman who wanted to research the wives tale of proportional hand-foot-penis size. (A tale, Minty thought, imagine up by the unsatisfied wives of small-footed men.)Minty spotted the Indian at the roulette table. The two security jesters had moved off a few feet but were still watching, as was the pit boss. When Minty came to the table they nodded in acknowledgment and moved off. The croupier looked at Minty and immediately looked back to the bets on the table. Minty Fresh put her on edge. It wasnt his size that rattled her, but the fact that no one was incisively sure what his job was, only that when there was a problem, he was there. He handled things.Lady Lihn dropped the ball into the wheel. It raced, then rattled into a slot, and she raked all the bets off the table. Coyote cursed and let out a howl. The woman playing next to him staggered back and wandered away, carrying visions of her children wearing paper hats and saying, I was going to go t o college, but my mother went to Vegas instead. Would you like fries with that?Coyote looked at Minty Fresh. She was bad luck. I lost half of my chips because of her.Perhaps you should move to a different table, Minty said. We can open a private table just for you.Coyote grinned at Minty. You think you have a table where you can trick me?No, sir, Minty said, a little embarrassed. We dont wish to trick you.Theres nothing wrong with tricking people. They pay you to be tricked.We like to think of it as entertainment.Coyote laughed. Like cinema stars and magicians? Tricksters. People want to be tricked. But you know that, dont you? He picked up his chips and walked to a crap table.Minty thought for a moment before following the Indian. He prided himself on being able to handle any situation with complete calm, but he found dealing with this Indian made him nervous, and a little afraid. But of what? Something in the eyes. He moved in behind Coyote, who was throwing chips on the crap tab le.You cant bet the numbers until the point has been made, sir, said the stickman, a thin, balding man in his forties. He pushed Coyotes chips back across the table. The stickman looked over Coyotes head and nodded to Minty Fresh before pushing the cut to the shooter. adorn your bets, he said, and the dealers working at either end of the table study the bets on the felt. New shooter coming out, the stickman said.A blond woman in a business suit and perfect newswoman makeup picked up the dice and blew on them. Come on, seven, she said. Baby needs new shoes.Coyote twisted his neck to look at Minty Fresh. Does talking to them work?Minty nodded to the table as the woman let fly with the dice, rolling a two.snake in the grass eyes the croupier said.Lizard dick Coyote shouted back.The blond woman cursed and walked away from the table. The stickman shot a glance to Minty, then continued. Two. Craps. No pass. No come. Place your bets. New shooter coming out. He pushed the dice to Coyote, who threw a handful of black chips on the table and picked up the dice.You are small, but I am your friend, Coyote said to the dice. You have resplendent spots. He pulled the rawhide pouch from his belt and poured a fine mill on the dice.You cant do that, sir, the stickman said.Minty Fresh gently took the dice from Coyote and handed them to the boxman, who sat across from the stickman watching an enormous rack of chips that was the tables bank. He inspected the dice, then gave them to the stickman, who dropped them in his tray and pushed a fresh pair to the trickster.What is this, shade? Coyote said. The shaman gets to use his power stick but I cant use my cheating powder?Im afraid not, Minty said.Coyote picked up the new dice and chucked them to the end of the table. octette Easy, the stickman said.Did I win? Coyote asked Minty.No, now you have to roll another eight before you roll a seven or eleven.Coyote rolled again. The dice showed a pair of fours.Eight. Winner. Hard way, th e stickman chanted. The dealer placed a stack of black chips next to Coyotes bet.Ha, Coyote said, taunting Minty Fresh. See, I am good at this game.Very good, Minty said with a smile. You roll again.Coyote placed the remainder of his chips on the table. The dealer immediately shot a glance to the boxman, who looked to Minty Fresh. Minty nodded. The boxman nodded. The dealer counted Coyotes chips and well-endowed them on the pass line. vie twenty-one thousand.Coyote threw the dice.Two the stickman said. The dealer raked in Coyotes chips and handed them to the boxman, who stacked the racks in the table bank.I lost? Coyote said incredulously.Sorry, Minty said. But you didnt crap out. You can shoot again.Ill be back, Coyote said. He walked away and Minty followed him through the casino, into the lobby, and out the door. Coyote handed the valet ticket to a kid named Squire Jeff, then turned to Minty, who stood by the valet counter.Ill be back with more money.Well hold a place for you, sir, Minty said, relieved that the Indian was leaving.I was just learning your game, shade. You didnt trick me.Of course not, sir.Squire Jeff pulled up in the Mercedes, got out, and waited with his hand out. Coyote started to get into the car, then stopped and looked at the valet. He took the pouch from his belt and poured a bit of powder into the kids hand, then got in the car and drove away.Minty felt a wave of time out wash over him as he watched the Mercedes cross the drawbridge. Squire Jeff, still holding his palm out, turned to Minty Fresh.What am I supposed to do with this?You could snort it.Squire Jeff sniffed at the powder, then wrinkled his nose and napped the powder from his hand. Fucking Indian. You work inside, right?Minty nodded.Squire Jeff looked Minty up and down. You play any ball?One year, UNLV.Injury?Attitude, Minty said. He walked back into the casino.

How Poets in Quickdraw Explore Ideas

side of meat literature poetry and comparison connect/task The manhunt The manhunt is virtually an wound soldiers wife who is describing her experience witnessing her husbands bootleg injuries. It is a positive family consanguinity because the wife is feeling the pain of the husband. The stress which has comparisons is In Paris with you the theme is common in both(prenominal), of the darker side of dearest.The compose of manhunt chooses to explore this through the idea of a man returning to his wife, subsequently a war, and therefore is a more emotive verse, whilst the author of In Paris with you writes of a weekend in Paris, in which i tries urgently not to fall in love with the unnamed person.They argon both pen in first person in the manhunt the wife is sharing her experience directly rough her husband to the reader and similarly In Paris with you the narrator is addressing the reader about her/his broken kinship and the wholly difference among the two poetry s is that the relationship in Paris with you is negative and she/he is not in love with their raw sienna and explaining their relationships. Furthermore they are both monologue verse forms where the writer creates an illusion of a voice and is prejudice because we only hear one side of the story both characters in both metrical compositions are not addressing their point of view.The hour Houris about the feelings that arise from spending while with a loved one. The poetry suggests that to be with a loved one, even for just an hour, is precious and valuable. The relationship in the poem is positive. Hour follows the structure of a Shakespearian sonnet. Hourhas legion(predicate) references to money and riches, contrasting the concept of material wealth and possessions against love and clip spent with a loved one. Hour is similar to the ghazal because they both piffle about love and separation and are both positive relationships. Quickdraw Quickdrawis aone-sided relationship. The speaker of the poem is waiting for contact from her lover. The context of the relationship is unclear, and we do not know if the speaker welcomes contact or not. Quickdraw is a poem which shows and demonstrates the highs and lows of relshonships it is a negative relationship because the speaker is talking to her lover she is wounded by the texts shes received. The lexical field of fighting is in this poem which makes it a bad relshonship. Ellipses are also used passim the poem maybe to show expression. Sister Maudealso presents the idea of engagement and violence in a relationshipbut between sisters sort of than lovers.Ghazal Ghazalis a love poem in which a speaker seeks to honorable the love and attention of another. The poem is made up of a period of two-line stanzas Ghazal is similar to hour because it has the commen theme of love and serperation running through the poem. The poem is a positive relationship because the woman is incomplete without him. Brothers Brothers is a poem about two brothers where a void is created. The opening metaphor sets the gradation for the relationship between the two brothersSaddledsuggests the negative feelingsthe speaker has for his brother.The relationships in the poem is negative Brothersexplores therelationship between siblingsand the way in which succession separates them. There is affection between the brothers, particularly in the adoration of the junior boy. InSister Maudea much more destructive relationship between siblings is presented. LikeBrothers, this poem hints at the way in which the affect towards age brings a distance between siblings. Praise Song for my scram Praise song for my get down is a poem about a mother and her fry and the deep love and affection they have for one another the relationship in the poem is positive . he poem is linked to nettles because it has similar theme running through which is love for baby birdren and ungodliness versa. Harmonium Harmonium is about a son talking positively about his dad . The narrator (the son) needs the help of his father to bind the instrument away from the church the relationship is positive and a organ is a musical instrument. Nettlesare a poem about the relationship between father and son, although from the perspective of the father rather than the son cheering song for my mother is another poem about children from the perspective of mother this time.sonnet 116 Sonnet 116 is a poem about what love is and what it actually convey and represents. The relationship is positive it says love is everlasting and the narrator is very overconfident about his views on love. A poem which is linked to sonnet 116 is To His demure Mistressexplores the idea of time and its effect on love, although it suggests that death leave bring an end un wantSonnet 116, which suggests thatlove is greater than death. Sonnet 43Sonnet 43 is about love as being all herculean positive and life changing force the relationships in the poem is posit ive. The poem which links with sonnet 43 is withHour both present love as apositive and powerful force. To his modest fancy woman To his coy mistress means to his fainthearted mistress. The poem is about a shy mistress and her partner who wants her to be in bed with. The poem which links to his coy mistress is Hour because its about how precious time is to lovers, and presents the idea that time is a force which is against lovers. The farmers brideThe farmers bride is about a relshonship between a farmer and his bride it is written in first person the poem which shares links to the farmers bride is to his coy mistress because they are both about their relationships with their spouses. Sister Maude Sister Maudeexplores the destructiveness of jealousy and the darker side of sisterhood. There is a suggestion that Maudes betrayal was unnatural andun-sisterly. The relshonship in the poem is negative a poem which is similar to Sister Maude is brothers because it is also about siblings whereas in that poem it is about age and how it can disrupt relationships between brothers . NettlesNettles is a poem about a bring up and a child whose child has been caught in nettles and suffered injuries a poem which links to nettles is praise song for my mother because it is also about a very caring parent and how they feel towards their offspring. its a positive relationship. innate(p) yesterday Born yesterday is about a narrator whose writing about her friends child coming into the world and describing the baby a poem which is similar is Hour, likeBorn Yesterdayis a poem about finding fun in ordinary, everyday experiences, rather than chasing the impossible and facing disappointment. The relshonship is positive Mohammed sidat

Briefly comment on the communication research report Essay

With rapid advancement of invigorated communication technologies, people currently ass freely and actively have a bun in the oven their own opinions in the new media. For example, the profit has dramatically changed the ways in which some individuals receive news and information, this is very big different from the tralatitious forms of communication. However, there are some correlation links between tralatitious tidy sum communication ways and modern new technology ways(Kotcher,1992Rubin, 1994).Roberts M, Wanta, W and Dzwo, T (2002) examined one aspect of the Internet electronic bulletin mount ups (EBBs). The design of this need is to investigate if conventional news media sources have an agenda-setting impact on the discussions taking place on the EBBs. In other words, the purpose of the study is to examine the agenda-setting answer and the role it may play on the Internet. The subject fields dominant methodology is denary. As we know, it is a critical slue that appr opriate methodology should be taken depending on different look topic. quantifiable forward motion and qualitative approach have their respective advantages and disadvantages (Fowler, 1993). Quantitative query, through surveys, gathers data about peoples knowledge, opinions, attitudes and behavior. Quantitative seek approach is procedured to generate new knowledge for evidence-based practice. Attention will be given to the advantages and disadvantages of Quantitative seek designs for large group seek, the principles of reliability and validity, the value of descriptive and inferential statistics and the importance of ethical research conduct.For the topic, it belongs to sociology category, so I think the researchers have used appropriate research approach (quantitative research approach) even though the approach has some disadvantages. This is because quantitative research approach for this topic has the fol griming advantages Large members of people elicit be studies the m ethod is relatively quick and relatively cheap the results are reliable, and typical of a much wider population than that directly investigated, the personal influence of the research on the results is slight and the data can easily be express in statistical form.This enables comparisons to be made between different groups and populations. For this study, the researchers use Internet, its main advantages are low/moderate cost to design low cost to send quick to analyse data easy for respondent to complete and can attach brochures, images, etc. However, Every survey methodology has its weaknesses, and online surveys are no exception. Not sure who is answering the survey. Like hop out studies, it is exhausting to insure the desired person actually answers the survey. Not congressman of the population.The Internet population has a slight bias towards younger, more than computing device literate users, though this is changing all the measure and becoming more representative of the population. Long surveys are more difficult. The personalities of todays online users makes it difficult to coerce respondents into completing long surveys. Not a mainstream research methodology, yet. With more experience and comparative analyses of online surveys versus mail and telephone results, online surveys should reach the same take of acceptance as other methodologies.For this research, the researchers use EBBs which has the above weaknesses too. For the researchs method, the researchers use tailfin steps (Roberts, 2002, P456-458) The first step imperative examines whether traditionalistic news media sources have an agenda-setting impact on the discussions taking place on the EBBs. They ask Do individuals take yield information gained from news media and sack up information about this issue online to other electronic bulletin board users? The second step is selecting the sample. The third step deals with defining categories, time frames, cryptanalytics units , and context units.The fourth step is gist analysis and the final and 5th step of means analysis process is to analyze and interpret the data. The five steps are typical research method that is used by many researchers (McMillan, 2000) and they are very similar with the quantities analysis approach (the scientific Method) which includes seven steps Defining the problem Developing a feign Acquiring Input Data Developing a Solution scrutiny the Solution Analyzing the Results and Implementing the Results (Render, 1982).The researchers use an ARIMA model cross-correlational test showed EBB discussions of three issuesimmigration, health care, and taxes-correlated with news media reporting, with time lags varying from 1 day to 7 days. In my opinion, the method is appropriate method for the topic. This investigation looks for a more decently effect than previous agenda-setting researchers. Because of the Internets dynamic characteristic of transmission system information from sen ders to receivers, researchers currently assume that our traditional theories of mass communication can directly apply to online communication (Wimmer, 1994).The researches have an accurate research questions or hypothesis that are how will the new online communication forms affect the agenda-setting process? Can we assume that the transfer of salience still follows the original hypothesis? How does the condensed and compressed environment of online communication affect what we know about time frame effects? All these questions are explored in their study. By quantitative research, the researchers concluded The results demonstrate the usefulness of examining the rule the Internet plays in the agenda-setting process.Media coverage apparently can provide individuals with information to use in their Internet discussions. As the Internet continues to become an important source of information, it in any case will become an important area for mass communication researchers. (Roberts, 2002, P464). The report also recommended future research should link other mass communication notional approaches with Internet usage. Despite the research has some definite problems online research has many more advantages than disadvantages.When surveying populations, which mimic the demographics of online users, online research can be a primary means of information collection. With other populations, online research can be effective as a supplement to more traditional survey approaches or as a quick impression of your customers (much bid qualitative approaches are used). For outlook, as the Internet continues to grow in popularity, investigations of the content of information being sent online similarly will increase in importance.The study takes an important step in linking the Internet to a mainstream mass communication theory.References Kotcher, R. L. (1992). The technological revolution has transformed crisis communication. Public Relations Quarterly, 37(3), 19-21. Rubin, R . , P. Palmgreen, and H. Sypher (1994 eds. ), converse seek Measures A Sourcebook, New York Guilford. Roberts, et al (2002), Agenda setting and issue salience online. Communication Research, Vol. 29 No. 4, August 452-465. Fowler, Floyd J. , Jr (1993).Survey Research Methods, 2nd ed. Newbury Park, CA Sage Publications. McMillan, S. J. (2000). The microscope and the moving target The challenge of applying content analysis to the World Wide Web. Journalism and Mass Communication Quarterly, 77, 80-98. Render, B and Stair, R. M (1982). Quantitative Analysis for Management ( The Second Edition). New York program library of congress Cataloging in Publication Data. Wimmer, R. D. and J. R. Dominick (1994), Mass Media Research An Introduction, 4th ed. Belmont, CA Wadsworth.

Geology and Technology Essay

The field of geology helps us understand our surround on earth. The benefits of geology include how to protect our environment and supplies us with natural resources. Geology helps avail us in avoiding geologic hazards and is based on the scientific method. sensation of the great contributions to human understanding made by geology is the concept of the richness of geologic time. None of these benefits could fall in ever been discovered or however thought of if experience did not collide with applied science. Science and technology atomic number 18 closely related to each early(a), and it seems like they argon two major(ip) factors influencing the progress of our society.Since the industrial revolution in the 18th century science has been in progress. Some sectors that have been boosted by science and technology are energy, physical sciences, information and communication. The society has greatly gained with the invention of technology. A of late increasing challenge to th e population of the world has been natural disasters. indispensable disasters are consequences of the combination of a natural hazards and human populations. Natural hazards include quakes, tsunamis, floods, hurri shadowes, epidemic, and boundless other natural processes that threaten population.Human vulnerability is caused by the privation of appropriate emergency management, and leads to financial, structural, and human losses. The losses from disasters depend on the capacitance of the population to resist the disaster. We directed our reoceanrch toward an early archetype musical arrangement that could recognize natural disasters as soon as scientifically executable and spread that knowledge as quickly as possible in order to minimize loss to humans. Upon researching natural disaster alert systems, we came across an intriguing and promising global system of integrated observational systems of the demesne from regions all around the world.This system of the future has nu merous capabilities. In the article, bare-ass radar technology to boost accuracy, save lives, the National Weather run created a new radar technology later on a ledger high of one thousand seven hundred and six crulleres were corroborate in 2011. The new technology was created in a desperate get down to save those who could be at risk for a natural disaster, after five hundred and fifty lives were taken due to natural disasters in 2011. The new radar equipment sends out horizontal and vertical sweeps, allowing forecasters to have a two dimensional look at severe weather.Dave Nadler, a warning coordination meteorologist from northern Alabama, says that the new technology allows weather service officials to get tornado warnings out much more accurately and much faster. (Blanton). Another technological advance that may save many lives is the LiDar, which is an instrument that can charm how an earthquake changes a landscape down to a few inches. The LiDar gives geologists acum en into how earthquake faults behave, and may lead to geologists being able to predict an earthquake (Elliot).The remarkable education in space technology and its application during the last(a) three decades have firmly established its immense potential for the development of the human society as a whole. Robert Jedicke did a study on asteroids in orbit around the sun. Jedicke knew that the asteroids orbiting around the sun mostly expiration Earth very quickly. But, he discovered that there are whatever asteroids that move slowly, and often are captured by Earths gravity causing them to go into orbit around Earth. Jedicke used a computer program that calculate how many asteroids would be pulled into Earths orbit.He found that once every 100,000 historic period there is an asteroid the size of a football field that joins the other moons in Earths orbit. Another discovery that has been made in space because of technology is the possibility of life on Mars (Palca). The Mars Recon naissance artificial satellite showed photographs of dried up flood plains and riverbeds on the planet, meaning that the water could have supported ancient life (Hadhazy). In London in 2012, the Natural History Museum received a meteorite that fell from Mars to Earth. Because of the space jar being so new, scientists have a much better take a chance of learning about the planet.Technology is so advanced today that we can determine what rock is most common to least common in the small portion of Mars (Chang). Since the art of making fire and creating handcrafted tools, our elegance has come a long way. Science and Technology are making advances at an amazing rate. From telephones to the Internet, calculators to computers, cars to rockets and satellites, we are submerged in a sea of discoveries and inventions made possible by Science. Fields like Medicine and communication theory have made inroads into our cultures and thus our lifestyles.

Skywest Cas

eSky westbound, Inc. case Analysis Written Case Analysis T satis concomitantory of t up to(p) of contents 1. Introduction pg. 2 2. External Analysis pg. 3-10 3. Internal Analysis pg. 10-14 4. primaeval Decisions.. pg. 14- 15 5. Alternatives pg. 15 6. Recommended Decisions pg. 16 7. Appendices.. pg. 17-19 1-SkyWest Airline IntroductionSkyWest, Inc. was found in 1972 by Raplph Atkins in St. George, Utah. Initi e really nett(predicate)y this was all a charter type of passage and was mostly use by teleph adept circuitman dieling between t fit salt Lake City and St. George, Utah. But with c ar organization fusions and merging with companies like Western Airlines and afterward with Delta flight paths partnerships the net reckon of SkyWest flight paths were much broad. Later in near future with to a greater extent partnerships with join Airlines and Midwest Airlines serve uped the companion to grow rapidly and in 2005 SkyWest acquired Atlantic S e blendheast Airlines. curre ntly SkyWest is direct in overseas too for instance Canada stave it runs its opeproportionns in 34 states and nearly in 158 cities. Sky West case depth psychology draw pass on serve the reader to visualize especially about the SkyWest Inc. and the general scotch conditions of the regional skyway effort of US at a micro purlieual level on with some introductions of grocery store size and grocery fruit of the airline assiduity. The report is put one across shaped under the following main topics as follows.External abbreviation, internal analysis, detect decisions, alternatives and recommended decisions along with some charts and tables that supports the arguments for better understanding. Moving on when we consider the persistence as a whole it had a decline out-of-pocket to the stinting recession in 2009 that affected the crop localize of the airline sedulousness and in terms of market size the revenue from passenger per grayback reduced in 2008 compargond to 2007 and this is an early resultant role of the economic recession, we shall hash out the menaces and alternatives as we go along.In fin year period from 2004 to 2008 the patiences digest revenue has change magnitude almost with a double effect from $4. 7 billion to $8. 4 billion (Please refer the epilogue table 1). As part of the introduction lets identify the vision tilt and the company strategy. Company strategy is low-cist strategy and its warlike advantage is achieved by lower monetary value than its competitors. Vision statement is Atlantic Southeast Airlines is perpetrate to connecting more(prenominal) volume, more lots to the bums they love, by becoming the worlds send-off passing regional airline. Moving on we would concentrate on the foreign analysis of this company. 2-External Analysis Economic Factors The external analysis assess the companys external environment by nerve at its Marco-environmental circumstanceors including the size of the marke t in terms of unit sale and sales volume as well as the market developing. It too examines the minute and size of buyers and sellers in the environment, the pace of expert change or re advancedal, the economies of scale, geographic boundaries, the market grant and look at conditions, learning curve effectuate of the market and the differential products available.We will now evaluate SkyWests external environment by low looking at its economic factors. coat and Market Growth rate The first economic factor addressed is the size of the company and its growing rate. SkyWest is the largest independently ingested regional airline that is partnered with two of the study(ip) airlines coupled and Delta. Alone SkyWest has more than 11,000 people representing their company none of which atomic egress 18 unionized. through and through the partnership with joined and Delta, SkyWest was imited to the size of the aircraft through orbit clauses pin downing put of 76 with Delta an d 70 with United. This would limit the amount of occupation they could capture from their partners. In order to take advantages of their efficiencies SkyWest could exact purchased larger aircraft to expand its business had on that top dog been no limitations. finishedout the five years SkyWest contracted to Delta and United decision in December of 2008, their yearly growth rate had attachd to a compounded 29. 6% with the offspring of flights change magnitude from 1,500 to 2,300.The size of the market in terms of unit sale and sales volume will be discussed in the attached paragraph defining its size of buyers and sellers. Number and Size of buyers and sellers The number of buyers in the company give the gate be fixated by the number of nodes the company serves per year. SkyWest has the force to serve over 100,000 customers per year ascribable to the contract with Delta and United. The number of sellers in the company lowlife be defined as the partnering airline s using their regional serve ups to operate their connecting flights for a rooted(p) cost.SkyWest is a regional airline that operates the connecting flights of its major partners Delta and United. The regional flight as well as the connecting flights through Delta and United has them serving 158 cities in 42 states and five Canadian provinces and Mexico. Their Hubs argon located in Chicago OHargon, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Milwaukee, Portland, Denver and Salt Lake City. In order to husband these airlines they withstand livelihood based in Atlanta, Chicago, Colorado Springs, Denver, Fresno, Los Angeles, Milwaukee, Palm Springs, Portland, Salt Lake City, San Francisco and Tucson.Through their contract with Delta they have change magnitude their customer base by operate about 430 connecting flights per day between Salt Lake City and designated outlaying destination which is about 59. 9% of the companys susceptibility. The other(a) 40. 10% of capacity goes to their contra ct with United that has them operating about 900 scheduled departures per day. In January of 2008 SkyWest took over Midwest allowing them to service 70 and 90 throneing customers per flight.When they partnered with these major airlines there were a lot of changes that took engineer including technical changes. We will now discuss the pace of these technical changes and innovation. abuse of technological change or innovation Most of the technological changes happened after the 9/11 aggress on the World Trade middle and the Pentagon. One of the changes SkyWest had implemented was the Stetson Quality cortege. The Stetson Quality Suite is a mobile data appealingness and reporting softw atomic number 18 SkyWest use to see to it they were meeting or exceeding their rubber eraser quality standards.SkyWest employ this extra softw be to deliver up with the Safety and move standards for the incision of Transportation and the Federal Aviation Administproportionn. right away th at we have discussed the pace of technological changes or innovation we will now go on to discuss the economies of scale. Economies of Scale The economies of scale ar the cost advantages companys can obtain ascribable to size, with cost per unit of output decreasing with increasing scale as fixed cost atomic number 18 spread out over more units of output.SkyWest was able to expectantize on the economies of scale when it partnered with Delta and United which helped reduce the cost of providing the service over what others could do. Through these partnerships SkyWest was able to grow access to an established customer base that would help attach their business in size and also lower the costs through the contracts where the major airlines were responsible for all their spring arouse, ground handling and aircraft maintenance and ownership. given over the gained access to customers through the partnership do SkyWest heavily dependent on Delta and United.With the legitimate re cession causing a dramatic downfall in the economic condition put all airlines including the major ones like Delta and United at try to airlines losses, bankruptcies and consolidations due to the decrease in operating revenues by 87% with a 64% toss in income, 77% drop in revenues and a 60% drop in operating income. directly that we have discussed the economies of scale in the industry we will go on to discuss the geographic boundaries. Geographic Boundaries The geographic boundaries of an industry refer to the geographic boundary lines that ar drawn whether they argon local, regional, study or global.SkyWests geographic boundaries are regional representing only small cities and also service major airlines through connecting flights. The partnerships with Delta and United had allowed expansion to sure and new travel guidebooks as well and additional departures. SkyWest was looking to expand more and through the encyclopaedism with ASA they were allowed to expand geographica lly allowing them access to the East Coast markets and comprehensive bailiwick coverage that greatly spread out their scope of ope dimensionns by adding regional commonss to their educate its and a $1 billion to ope symmetryns.We will now move on to discuss the market supply and demand conditions. Market Supply/ take Conditions The market supply and demand conditions changed greatly with the September 11, 2001 attack on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon. The 9/11 attack prevented people from libertine due to the fear of crashing which translated into huge losses in the major airlines. People feared the larger airlines more than the littler regional jets due to the fact that they felt the larger planes to be more susceptible to terrorist attacks.They assumed that smaller regional airlines would non be a tar hold fast for terrorism except sleek over saw them to be slight safe than the larger airplanes. The encourage condition affecting the market demand was the reces sion starting in late 2007 that go along throughout 2009. The beginning of the recession had negative set up on participants income statements and balance sheets resulting in airlines losses, bankruptcies and consolidations. The recession retaind into 2008 and 2009 causing a dramatic downturn in the companys financial execution.This economic downfall of 2008 and 2009 ca apply a decrease in the number of scheduled flights, and passenger traffics by 3%, with cargo revenues dropping as well. The airline industry is highly sensitive to fluctuations in the preservation because of the meaning(a) portion of business and lei confident(predicate) travelers. The recession had lowered the overall demand for airline services not only to the regional tho all airlines in the United States. The most recent recession in 2009 had a soaked impact on the reference markets preventing airlines from getting the dealed credit to acquire new aircraft.Other things affecting the market supply/deman d conditions were the seasonal worker fluctuations that increased travel during summer months and decreased travel during the winter due to flight cancelations and delays due to inclement weather. The weather adjoind flight cancellations represent a loss to 2,850 of its flights with a decrease in pretax income of about $5. 2 zillion. Next we will discuss the learning curve effects in the industry. Learning/experience curve effectsThe learning curve effects of the industry were outlined in the masterminding offered to help pilots and maintenance military group keep up to date on the new preventive and maintenance regulations as well as their skills. The vast majority of training was at training facilities for some(prenominal) the company pilots and maintenance personnel through a six-week program. The six-week training program proved to be very comprehensive and well-thought-of that it attracted tuition holding Federal Aviation Administration personnel. Next we will discuss t heir differential products. Differential ProductsThe differential products discussed in this case were the Bombardier regional Jets and the Embraer and ATR Turboprops. The Bombardier region jets were the main regional gets used in the industry. These were larger mercantile jets used to service all-night-haul flights to the destinations up to 1,200 miles away, which allowed regional attack aircraft mail carriers to operate new longer routes and run shorter routes more efficiently. The other product discussed was the Embraer and ATR Turboprop which seats 30 passengers. This jet was used for short- to medium-haul flights and was able to land on shorter runways.Several travelers were unsure of ride on the turboprops due to the perception of them organism loud and un well-heeled. To accommodate travelers that valued to ride a smaller jet with a more comfortable ride they fixd the Bombardier Q series turboprop that was equipped with encumbrance and vibration reducing devices to help reduce the noise and vibration levels to those of a regional jet. In the next section we will define the driving force forces for change in the industry. Driving Forces The driving forces are the factors that are driving the industry to flummox changes.These changes within the industry will have impacts on globalization, product and trade innovation, technological change, changes in long-term growth rates and new disposal regulations. To start off we will discuss the impact on globalization. globalization SkyWest decided to go international with their business and started working with regional carriers in Europe, Latin America and China. The push to go global was due to the increased interest in airline business from people in brazil nut and China. The people from these two geographic areas had pursued SkyWest to help them build their own airline within their geographic region.SkyWest agreed to help them train people, and organize from a 10- to 20 aircraft operation to a m ajor regional carrier in countries that really needed a major regional carrier. Through globalizing their company SkyWest would be able to increase their purchasing power and help buys things at a lower rate. However, through the limitations the foreign governments would place on U. S. carriers, the opportunities by the international joint ventures would be limited. Now that we discussed the globalization driving factor we will go on to discuss the product and marketing innovation. Product and marketing innovationThe first product and marketing innovation is the Bombardier Regional Jets. The Bombardier regional jets originally serviced flights with destinations of up to 1,200 miles away. The new innovated Bombardier Jet has the quietest fundsmaking(prenominal) jet available with a range of up to 1,600 miles. This larger regional jet offers some amenities including flight attendant service, stand-up cabin, disk crash and under-seat storage, lavatories, and in-flight snack and be verage service. These jets were able to operate at lower costs then a 120-seat or larger jet aircraft due to its smaller size and efficient design.The other product and marketing innovation is the Embraer and ATR Turboprop, some travelers were not very interested in these smaller jets due to their noise level and uncomfortable seating. The new Embraer and ATR Turboprop has a 30 seat 120 turboprop and a 74 seat ATR 72 turboprops that are able to operate more economically over short-haul routes than the larger jet aircrafts. These smaller jets had comfort features such as stand-up headroom, a lavatory, overhead baggage compartments and flight attendant services.The smaller jets were more economically possible making it possible to volunteer high frequency service in markets with relatively low volumes of passenger traffic. We will now go on to discuss the technological changes. Technological Changes The technological changes taking place are the implementation of Stetson Quality Su ite for Safety used to ensure their standards were meeting or exceeding their safety quality standards. The changes to the Bombardier and Embraer Jet to increase the overall quality and service of the jets in reference to their range of flight and the services offered to the staff and the customers boarding the flight.Other technological changes taking place are the new ways of communicating creating less need for travel. With the economic system still existence in a vulnerable position people are very sensitive to the price of a flight and try to feel other delegacy of commuting to their destination or communicating to that particular party. These technological changes have caused a decrease in the airline market due to price sensitivity that even business travelers are looking to save currency. Next we will discuss the changes in the long-term growth rate. Changes in the long-term growth rateThe changes in the long-term growth rate started to increase when SkyWest partnered w ith Delta and United Express. The partnership had increased their annual growth rate to a compounded 29. 6%. This partnership had increased the number of flights from 1,500 to 2,300, and increased their departures to 2,400 to 208 cities per day by adding connection flight through their major airlines that serviced the United States, Canada, Mexico and the Caribbean. With the increased flights there were new government regulations that were applied. In the next paragraph we will discuss those regulations. New governing body regulationsNew Government regulations were in effect immediately after the 9/11 attack to ensure safety to the passengers by increasing the security department regulations. The increased security also increased operational costs to the airline carriers due to the increased safety regulations. The last increase that took place was the increased jet give the sack cost, due to the economic recession in mid-2008. All these changes tierce to a decrease in just the ticket sales due to fear of fly post 9/11 attack, and the incurred costs of flying in resolution to the little terror of rising dismiss costs. The next section will prattle about the industrys discover success factors.Key Success factors The key success factors are the competitive factors that most affect industry members skill to prosper in the marketplace. Different types of key success factors can be technology related, manufacturing related, distribution related, marketing related and skills and capability related. Technology related The technology related key success factors that the SkyWest Inc. was defined by how they were able to acquire new aircraft. Regional airlines were take to find the needed capital and financing to increase the size of their fleets to service the longer routes being outsourced by the major airlines.This had to be done without compromising their scope contracts with labor. SkyWest was able to scourge that by joining with ASA to acquire new ai rcraft. The next factors to success being discussed are the Manufacturing and Distribution related key success factors. Manufacturing/Distribution related SkyWests manufacturing and or distribution related key success factors are defined by the ability to get their passengers to their destination on time. SkyWest was able to maximize their on-time arrivals by successfully getting all of their flyers to their sites on-time and making sure they did not miss their connecting flights as well.This gave them a good reputation with their customers in increasing satisfaction, naming them one of the highest rated regional carriers for on-time arrivals. Marketing-related The regional airline industry related its marketing key success factors to how they were able to maintain a strong safety material body. In order to keep up with shapes of flying SkyWest increased safety standards and regulations to develop a much more safer image for those that were skeptical about flying smaller flights e specially after the 9/11 attack.Passengers were unsure of the safety of the smaller jets preventing them from flying with the regional airlines, but after more safety had been implemented and other procedures had taken place to ensure everything was up to code they were able to maintain this strong image to passengers to ensure their safety when flying. Skills and capability-related SkyWests skills and capabilities were expressed in how they were able to maintain high levels of customer service. Typically regional airlines were not known for their customer service due to a large number of mishandled uggage that happened when transferring luggage from one plane to the next and an increased number of cancelled flights due to inclement weather. Most of these issues were not directly related to the regional due to their partnerships that pass all of their scheduling and majors taking priority in runways. SkyWest was able to maintain an ordinary number of mishandled baggage, the second lowest number of free denied boardings and the fourth in number of complaints per 100,00o passengers.This put them at the top to be named the Regional Airline Company of the Year for on-time arrivals by the Department of Transportation multiple times. Five Forces Model of Competition The five forces model evaluates the industries competition based on their level of Rivalry, threat of new compliance, substitutes, great dealing power of buyers and bargaining power of suppliers to be either strong, condition or weak. We will first discuss the first and most almighty of the five forces of competition rivalry. Rivalry Competition in the U. S. irline industry is very strong with their being a large number of competitors in the regional airlines. The success of low-cost carriers such as Southwest Airlines and JetBlue has increased the pressure level on airlines to compete on price to attract sufficient poem of passengers to keep flights full. In some regards, major airlines use cont racts with regional carriers to keep costs and airfares low. Therefore, contracts for regional service are awarded by major carriers are to those having the lowest prices and reliable service. The overall rivalry in the airline industry is strong.Threat of new entry The Threat of entry into the regional airline is define by the barriers to entry that include costs of acquiring a fleet of aircraft, acquiring contracts with major airline partners, and low industry profitability. Although the capital required to start up a modestly-sized small regional airline is plumb small, entering at a scale large enough to create a competitive threat requires substantial resources. The major threat of entry comes from major carriers which have the resources to start up their own regional airline. This threat is only moderate because the trend is for ajors airlines to sell off their regional airline operations and contract out service to regional carriers. Substitutes Since regional airlines servi ce short routes, passengers have more alternatives such as bus, automobile, or train travel than they do for long distance travel. This is particularly true when passengers are traveling only a few hundred miles. However, for major carriers that put on regional carriers to execute hub and spoke strategies, there are few alternatives that they can use other than operating their own regional carrier.Substitutes are a weak to moderate force in the industry. Bargaining Power of Buyers In the airline industry there are two types of customers Leisure and business travelers. The business travelers tend to make up most of the market because they used the regional airlines to commute to and from locations that were considered too far to drive. They were also the most utile because the larger customers purchased flights that were bought at a premium due to their short-notice or unlooked-for plan for flight.The Second type of buyers in the market were the leisure travelers that was a much s maller group of buyers because they traveled less oftentimes and were more price sensitive to the ticket sales. With their being several airline businesses in the industry all offering the same service, switching costs for tickets from airline to another tend to be very high. Airline industries have a fixed price on airline tickets preventing from buyers being able to bargain a lower price. Since most if not all customers search airline tickets based on price this makes the bargaining powers of buyers in the industry to be weak to moderate.Bargaining Power of Suppliers In the regional airline industry there are two main types of suppliers Brazils Empresa Brasilerira de Aeronautica SA and Bombardier. With their only being two different types of suppliers in the regional airline industry that have two differentiated products, makes the demand for them to be very high. Since these are the only two for the regional airlines it makes the bargaining power of suppliers to be very strong a llowing them to change higher prices without losing their service to another manufacturer. 3-Internal Analysis bone up Analysis The SWOT analysis is an incredibly useful tool that helps review and analyzes the companys menstruation strategy. The SWOT analysis also identifies a voltagely new electric charge for the companys strategy to go. SWOT stands for strength, weakness, opportunities, and threats. Strength and weaknesses generally relate to factors that are internal to the organization, while opportunities and weakness in contrast often relates to factors that are external to the organization. We will now analyze SkyWest, Inc. using the SWOT analysis. StrengthsA companys strength is something that the company is good at doing, or an attribute that enhances its competitiveness in the marketplace. SkyWest leads the industry in safety and maintenance by being a pillar in the industry for seeking safety prevention, and leading by example and getting abstruse to help the communit y overall be safer. SkyWest also has good statistics for safety and for on-time arrivals along with other factors that affect customer satisfaction. For years 2004 through 2009 SkyWest had the highest percent for scheduled flights arriving on time.They also were second for the least amount of spontaneous denied boardings. SkyWest also has a high level of employee satisfaction due to its workforce being nonunion. SkyWest owns jets like the Bombardier regional jet or the Embraer and ATR turboprops that are more economical and cost-efficient but also have advance that is comparable to those of larger jets and they even have many of the same features that larger jets offer. A significant strength is that SkyWest has experienced a compounded annual growth rate of 29. 6 percent from 2003 to 2008.A key strength for SkyWests success is its ability to secure partnerships that expand its geographic and customer base. Now that we have completed analyzing SkyWests strengths we can take move on to analyzing their weaknesses. Weaknesses A weakness is something a company lacks or does poorly in comparison to competitors or a condition that puts the company at a competitive disadvantage. One weakness is SkyWests poor relationship with Delta Airlines which was caused by their disagreement over their contract and whether or not Delta owed SkyWest $25 million dollars.This inhibits SkyWests ability to fully function within that partnership, and of course being short changed $25 million dollars is also a significant loss. some other factor that contributes to SkyWests weaknesses was once considered a strength SkyWests partnership with Midwest. After partnering together for two years Midwest sendd for bankruptcy passing a messy wind-down process for both companies, which undoubtedly will take a toll on SkyWests competitive advantage. Unfortunately thats not where the mess ends in 2009, Midwest was purchased by Republic, a larger company that is considered a direct competitor of SkyWest.Another strategic issue for SkyWest is the fact that because they partner with larger airlines and even though their own statistics for safety and for on-time arrivals along with other factors that affect customer satisfaction are either norm or above average, from the customers point of view they are connected with the major carriers. Therefore the larger airlines statistics are intertwined with their own which, results in customers perceiving a poor reputation for customer service mishandling baggage, canceling flights, delayed flights for both carriers.Another weakness caused by customers perceptions is that customers typically perceive that the planes regional carriers use are small, uncomfortable, noisy, and also unsafe. Now that we have finished evaluating SkyWests weakness, we can now move on to analyze opportunities. Finally the last weakness we will go over is the scope clauses with United Delta Airlines. In the labor contracts with their pilots union it is spe lled out the maximum size of airplane that an distant partner can operate. This limits the size of aircrafts to 70-seat and 76-seat aircrafts.This translates into a limited amount of ticket sales which means its limiting profits and market partake in and the number of flights a company could support. Now that we have evaluated the different factors that put SkyWest at a disadvantage we will take a look at the external factors starting with opportunities. Opportunities Opportunities are found within the external environment and arise when a company can take advantage of current circumstances or changes in the environment to gain a competitive advantage and become more profitable. Generally the better opportunities are the ones that be with your companys strategic goals.One prospect for SkyWest is with more and more major carriers that start outsourcing a portion of their routes to regional airlines this creates an opportunity for SkyWest to build those relationships and finally become partners with those major airlines, giving SkyWest a chance to expand and puss more market share. Another opportunity for SkyWest to expand its market share is with United Delta Airlines filing for chapter 11 this creates a short window of opportunity for SkyWest to serve those customers and to do it with great service and low prices building an expanded loyal customer base.Another opportunity that SkyWest needs to discoverer the horizon for is if the scope cause liberation were to be approved it would create an opportunity for SkyWest to increase the number of routes flown in contract with other airlines and the seat capacity of those routes. It would be a wise decision to spend time making plans that could be quickly executed should the scope cause liberation get approved. Its authorized to keep an eye on the horizon watching for changing technology, government policies, or social trends that way the company can op arrange quickly and seize the opportunity to gain th e competitive advantage.A changing external environment doesnt only mean possible opportunities it also means possible threats. We will now examine SkyWests possible threats. Threats Threats are factors in a companys external environment that pose a threat to the companys profitability and competitive well-being. The 2007 economic recession is an example of a threat that many people did not see, because of this many industries including the airline industry suffered.Some people believe that we still have not fully felt the aftershocks of the recession and because the airline Industry is highly sensitive to the economy as a significant portion of travel both leisure and business travelers, are discretionary, it is still a potential threat. Another threat to the airline industry is the increasing costs for jet fuel and its general availability. This can have a crippling effect on a companys profitability and threatens their overall business operations. Fuel expenses already account fo r 35-50 percent of an airlines operation cost in 2009.Another external threat is if either new or changes are made to the ASA Regulation for either weather related factors or safety inspections. some(prenominal) would increase costs and could threaten the success and the competitive advantage of SkyWest, which in turn could lead to decreased customer satisfaction and fewer sales. Since SkyWest is a regional carrier they need to keep a careful watch not only on how they are performing but also how their major carriers whom they have partnerships with are performing.If a major carrier were to file for bankruptcy it would most certainly threaten SkyWest with loss of customers and profits and could lead them to follow suit and file for bankruptcy as well. Another threat that could affect regional carriers in the industry is if two major carriers merge the result would most likely be consolidating of routes and possibly completely reason outdown down smaller hubs, which as we have exp lained would also affect their regional partners. Financial assessment proportionalitys Financial data is important to analyze as it provides the concrete results as for how the companys strategy is performing.Ratio analysis is often used to determine a companys financial position. Ratio analysis breaks down into 5 key subgroups profitability ratios, runniness ratios, supplement ratios, activity ratios, and finally share-holder ratios. We will break down each one of these types of ratios starting with profit ratio. It should be noted that analyzing the individual companies financial performance alone, is not a complete analysis. To have a complete analysis, the ratios should be compared against the industrys average however, we will not be cover version that in our assessment with SkyWest. Profitability ratiosProfitability ratios generally tell us how well the company is using their resources efficiently. One of the several profitability ratios is the operating(a) profit margin. This ratio tells us how much profit is earned on each dollar of sales before paying interest charges and income taxes. 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 direct Income 144776 220408 339160 344524 255231 Total Operating Revenue 1156044 1964048 3114656 3374332 3496249 Operating Profit Margin 0. 1252 0. 1122 0. 1089 0. 1021 0. 0730 here(predicate) we see that the operating profit margin has been declining, while the full(a) operating revenue is increasing.This can be interpreted as less money is being made on each dollar of sale. When looking at the operating profit margin ratio higher is better and you postulate to see an upward trend, since we dont see that it is cause for concern and should be looked into. Liquidity ratios Now lets look into the smoothity ratios. Liquidity ratios measure a companys ability to pay off short obligations by using their liquid assets, one of these ratios is the current ratio. The current ratio tells us how much of the companys short-term obligation can b e covered by using and converting their liquid assets. 12/31/2008 12/31/2007 Current Assets 125,892 122,802 Current Liabilities 129,783 118,202 Current Ratio 0. 9700 1. 0389 SkyWests current ratio had a small decrease from 2007 to 2008. For 2007 their ratio was 1. 04, and for 2008 it decreased to . 97. The ratio should be higher than 1, however what an pleasant ratio is depends on the type of industry as it varies. The fact that their ratio is decreasing could suggest impending insolvency. However to accurately analyze we would need to compare the current ratio to other companies in the airline industry. supplement ratiosNext we will move on to analyze leverage ratios. supplement ratios are concerned with the balance between debt and equity. One of the leverage ratios is the debt-to asset ratio. The debt-to asset ratio measure the extent to which borrowed funds have been used to finance the firms operations and investments. 2007 2008 Total Debt 3990525 4014291 Total Assests 3990 525 4014291 Debt-to assets ratio 1 1 Here we see that for both 2007 and 2008 the debt-to asset ratio equals 1 however this is a cause for concern. It would be better if the debt-to assets ratio were a low fraction.A low fraction would indicate that the firm less debt then assets and therefor does not have a high risk of bankruptcy occurring. Activity Ratios Another area to analyze is how legally a company is managing its assets this group is called activity ratios. An example of an activity ratio is the instrument turnover ratio which takes the cost of goods sold divided by the archive to determine the number of times the inventory is turned over and whether they are carrying excess stock. One example of an activity ratio is the average collection ratio. 2007 2008 Accounts receivables 81216 55458Total Sales (Total Revenue) 3374332 3496249 Average collection period 8. 7851 5. 7897 This measurement indicates the average length of time it takes SkyWest to receive a money payment a fter making the sale. The shorter amount of time is optimal. From 2007 to 2008 SkyWest shortened the amount of time by almost 3 days, bringing it to roughly 6 days. Other important measures of financial performance The last category is kind of a multilateral category however this category is sometimes referred to as the shareholder-return ratio because many of the ratios measure the return earned by shareholders from holding stock in the company.There are other measures as well like the internal cash flow measurement. This measures how much cash a companys business is generating after paying operating expenses, interest, and taxes (often referred to as NIAT). Years 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 Net income $81,952 $112,267 $145,806 $159,192 $112,929 disparagement $76,817 $115,275 $189,885 $208,944 $220,195 NIAT $158,769 $227,542 $335,691 $368,136 $333,124 Key Decisions 1. One of the main points the case covers is the state of the global and national economy. As previously discussed the airline industry and its success is highly correlative with the state of the economy. 2. Another main point that SkyWest should be concerned with is their ability to attract and retain partnerships. Its already been established that SkyWests relationship with Delta has been changed to its complicated over the disagreement of 25 million dollars unpaid and not going after Delta in a lawsuit for the unpaid money for fear of losing their partnership and connected business.As Delta Airlines contributed 59. 9% of SkyWests customer capacity. also their previous partnership with Midwest Airlines which then filed for bankrupt and later was purchased by a direct competitor, which could become larger and more capable overweight SkyWests future. 3. Another issue plaguing SkyWest is the impact of high fuel prices. It is estimated that 30-50% of total costs are from the costs of fuel. This in conjunction with the scope clauses that limit the size of planes SkyWest can operate in creases the costs and amount of fuel needed. . The final stage problem the case covers is the issue of government legislation and regulations and the effect it has on the airline industry. Safety regulations and labor contracts that limit the number of passengers pilots can fly. Along with the issue of planes being grounded to perform safety inspections or the proposals of new legislation like the regulation that was going to require they provide oxygen for passengers that would have added a significant amount of additional costs. 5- Alternatives 1.Economy all the way one cannot control the state of the economy, but if SkyWest continues to take advantage of their strengths and fixate weakness that are due to partner companies poor customer service, human being resources and low profits they are likely to be successful when the economy is doing better. While the economic recession continues SkyWest should attempt to renegotiate their agreements with their major carrier partners a nd cancel flights, when capacity is low, in order to reduce their costs.They need to make sure they maintain competitive prices and not just meet customers expectations but also exceed them, this will lead to a stronger customer loyalty hopefully keeping SkyWest out of the red. 2. Partnerships SkyWest needs to continue to develop their partnerships with major carriers to further diversify the amount of major partners, which would at last reduce the risk of being dependent on Delta and United. Also combine efforts would reduce the companies overhead. . Fuel costs The rising costs and fluctuations in fuel price pose a significant risk as they are the largest chunk of operation costs for the airline industry. SkyWest should plan their routes to maximize their fuel efficiency along with again trying to renegotiate their agreements with their major carrier partners to permit flying larger size planes with more seating capacity which would therefor create larger economies of scale. 4.Re gulations SkyWest needs to continue to pay close attention to union activity within the ASA Corporation and also continue to avoid labor unions and instead focus on employees through effective benefit packages and employee engagement. 6- Recommended Decisions 1. SkyWest airlines considerably has cash in had it could make a forged move by starting to serve in new countries since they are already exposed to some of the foreign destinations it would not be a bad idea but they must be prepared to face new competitors.This would help the company to offer more international connecting flights and assure the operations that already exists for instance in Canada. 2. As we discussed before as a whole the industry is enjoying an accumulated revenue, so at this point making new partnerships may increase the revenue share of SkyWest Airlines and this would help the company to face the unknown future challenges and lessen its affect to SkyWest airlines since the economy is not steady. . Even t hough SkyWest is well known for being the best at safety of the services rendered it should invest more on researches with the other industry competitors so they could split the cost and enjoy the benefits (joint research agreements). This would help the SkyWest to keep up to the new regulations that is set by FAA, TSA and DOT. 4. In the first quarter of 2009 they had a SkyWest had a revenue loss of $7. million which was only when by ASA because of poor maintains and inefficiency of the flights. Management should take initiatives to reduce these types of inefficiency and integrate a successful system for sustainable growth of the company. 5. SkyWest Inc. should be concerned with the route maps and they should look for opportunities that could potentially help them to expand route coverage with the exist partnerships or to get into new business agreements with new partners. . Management should work closely with the finance department to cut down fuel and maintains cost to earn more revenues in the volatile economy. For instance management should be working together with finance department on hedging for fuel, and they could get into partnerships with smaller companies in the industry to share maintains cost rather than a large air carrier where SkyWests needs wouldnt be considered upon a larger company.